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Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Development of a Neonatal Rat Model for Brachial Plexus Birth Injury
Published on: March 27, 2026
The surgical treatment of brachial plexus injuries in adults
Julia K Terzis1, Vasileios K Kostopoulos
1Norfolk, Va. From the Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Eastern Virginia Medical School.
Learning Objectives:
After studying this article, the participant should be able to: 1. Evaluate clinically a patient with brachial plexus paralysis and define the appropriate electrophysiologic and radiographic studies. 2. Differentiate between preganglionic (root) avulsion and postganglionic lesions and identify appropriate motor donors and nerve grafts. 3. Describe various nerve reconstructive strategies and make appropriate selection of secondary procedures for shoulder stability, elbow flexion, and hand reanimation. 4. Anticipate the possible functional outcome.
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Assessment:
1. Clinical Evaluation:
History:
Arteries of the Upper Limbs
