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Increased Intracranial Pressure l: Introduction01:14

Increased Intracranial Pressure l: Introduction

Intracranial hypertension is a sustained elevation of intracranial pressure (ICP) above 22 mm Hg. In supine adults, normal ICP is ~7–15 mm Hg.The rigid, nonexpandable cranium contains three components—brain tissue, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)—that total ~1,700 mL in a typical adult: 1,400 mL brain (~80%), 150 mL blood (~10%), and 150 mL CSF (~10%). According to the Monro–Kellie doctrine, total intracranial volume is effectively fixed. When one component expands, CSF and venous blood...

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Stab-Wound Mouse Model for Studying Hemorrhage and Inflammation in Traumatic Brain Injury
04:03

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Intracranial stab wound: a case report.

Una M Kennedy1, Una M Geary, Niall Sheehy

  • 1Departments of Emergency Medicine and Diagnostic Imaging, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland. unakennedy@eircom.net

European Journal of Emergency Medicine : Official Journal of the European Society for Emergency Medicine
|May 15, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Intracranial stab wounds are rare but require high suspicion for early detection. This case shows a patient with a temporal stab wound achieved a good recovery, highlighting MRI

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A Preclinical Controlled Cortical Impact Model for Traumatic Hemorrhage Contusion and Neuroinflammation
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Published on: June 10, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Neurotrauma
  • Neurosurgery
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Intracranial stab wounds are uncommon due to the skull's protective nature.
  • Prompt diagnosis and management are crucial for preventing severe complications.
  • Temporal region stab wounds carry significant morbidity and mortality risks.

Observation:

  • A 44-year-old male presented with a 1.2-cm stab wound to the left temporal area.
  • Initial assessment revealed a Glasgow Coma Score of 14/15.
  • CT scan showed left temporal lobe hemorrhage and contusion; MRI revealed a linear hematoma extending into the left middle cerebellar peduncle.

Findings:

  • Conservative management with intravenous antibiotics led to an excellent recovery.
  • Mild residual issues with recall and attention were noted three weeks post-injury.
  • MRI proved superior to CT in delineating the full extent of the penetrating injury tract.

Implications:

  • A high index of suspicion is necessary for diagnosing seemingly minor scalp/facial injuries that involve intracranial penetration.
  • Despite high associated risks, good functional recovery is possible in select cases of temporal stab wounds.
  • MRI offers significant advantages over CT for evaluating intracranial stab wounds, particularly for visualizing the entire trajectory.