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Mitogen-activated protein kinase, or MAPK pathway, activates three sequential kinases to regulate cellular responses such as proliferation, differentiation, survival, and apoptosis. The canonical MAPK pathway starts with a mitogen or growth factor binding to an RTK. The activated RTKs stimulate Ras, which recruits Raf or MAP3 Kinase (MAPKKK), the first kinase of the MAPK signaling cascade. Raf further phosphorylates and activates MEK or MAP2 Kinases (MAPKK), which in turn phosphorylates MAP...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Active ERK in the C. elegans Germline

Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Active ERK in the C. elegans Germline

Published on: November 29, 2016

Integrating signals from RTKs to ERK/MAPK.

M M McKay¹, D K Morrison

¹Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Signaling, NCI-Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.

|May 15, 2007

Summary

Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) initiate cell signaling. New findings show RTK-mediated Ras/ERK pathway activation occurs in multiple cell compartments, not just the plasma membrane, influencing diverse biological responses.

Area of Science:

Cell Biology
Molecular Signaling

Background:

Cell surface signals are crucial for biological responses.
Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) initiate signal transduction pathways.
The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade, including Raf, MEK, and ERK, is vital for RTK signaling.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the intracellular localization and regulation of RTK-mediated signaling.
To explore the role of Ras and ERK activation sites in cellular responses.
To understand how scaffolding proteins and modulators impact RTK-ERK signaling.

Main Methods:

Analysis of RTK signaling pathways.
Investigating intracellular compartments for Ras and ERK activation.
Identifying roles of scaffolding proteins and signaling modulators.

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Last Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Active ERK in the C. elegans Germline

Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Active ERK in the C. elegans Germline

Published on: November 29, 2016

Assaying Protein Kinase Activity with Radiolabeled ATP

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Published on: May 26, 2017

Subcellular Fractionation for ERK Activation Upon Mitochondrial-derived Peptide Treatment

Subcellular Fractionation for ERK Activation Upon Mitochondrial-derived Peptide Treatment

Published on: September 25, 2017

Main Results:

RTK signaling to ERK is not limited to the plasma membrane.
Ras and ERK activation occurs in diverse intracellular compartments.
Scaffolding proteins and modulators critically influence signal strength, duration, and location.

Conclusions:

The traditional linear model of RTK-ERK signaling is insufficient.
RTK signaling is spatially regulated within the cell.
Compartmentalized signaling contributes to the diversity of biological outcomes from RTK activation.