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Related Experiment Videos

Basal ganglia macrocircuits.

J M Tepper1, E D Abercrombie, J P Bolam

  • 1Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA. jtepper@andromeda.rutgers.edu

Progress in Brain Research
|May 15, 2007
PubMed
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This introductory chapter provides an overview of the basal ganglia, detailing its anatomy, physiology, and function. It sets the stage for understanding gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) roles in this brain region.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neuroanatomy
  • Neurophysiology

Background:

  • The basal ganglia are crucial subcortical nuclei involved in motor control, learning, and emotion.
  • Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.
  • A comprehensive understanding of GABA's role requires detailed knowledge of basal ganglia structure and function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce an edited volume on GABA in the basal ganglia.
  • To define the nuclei within the basal ganglia.
  • To provide a foundational review of basal ganglia cellular structure, connections, and function.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of basal ganglia anatomy, physiology, and function.
  • Synthesis of information from multiple expert authors.

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  • Introductory chapter to an 18-chapter volume.

    • Main Results:

    • The chapter defines key basal ganglia nuclei, including the striatum, globus pallidus, substantia nigra, and subthalamic nucleus.
    • It briefly reviews the cellular architecture and intrinsic connections of these nuclei.
    • The functional roles of the basal ganglia in motor and non-motor processes are outlined.

    Conclusions:

    • This chapter serves as essential orientation for readers delving into GABA's multifaceted roles in the basal ganglia.
    • It highlights the importance of understanding basal ganglia neuroanatomy and physiology for interpreting GABAergic mechanisms.
    • Establishes a framework for the subsequent detailed chapters on GABA in the basal ganglia.