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[Atrophic rhinitis A.D. 1991].

M F de Jong1

  • 1Gezondheidsdienst voor Dieren, Zwolle.

Tijdschrift Voor Diergeneeskunde
|December 15, 1991
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Atrophic Rhinitis (AR) in pigs is primarily caused by toxigenic Pasteurella multocida, with Bordetella bronchiseptica playing a lesser role. High maternal antibody titers are crucial for piglet protection against AR.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Animal Pathology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Atrophic Rhinitis (AR) research in the Netherlands began in 1970.
  • Early diagnostic methods for AR included mouse and guinea pig tests.
  • The role of Bordetella bronchiseptica in AR development is now considered overestimated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the etiology, pathogenesis, therapy, and prevention of Atrophic Rhinitis (AR).
  • To develop and improve diagnostic tests for AR and its causative agent, Pasteurella multocida.
  • To understand transmission routes and identify effective control strategies for AR.

Main Methods:

  • Development of diagnostic tests including ELISA, DNA probes, and PCR for AR pathogenic P. multocida.
  • Infection studies in 16-week-old pigs to assess the impact of AR toxigenic P. multocida.

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  • Improved isolation techniques for P. multocida using selective agars.
  • Evaluation of maternal antibody titers for piglet protection.

    • Main Results:

    • Infection with AR toxigenic P. multocida caused significant conchae atrophy and septum deviation within 4 weeks in pigs.
    • High maternal antibody titers against AR toxin provide the most effective protection for piglets.
    • Conchae atrophy and brachygnathia superior are indicative but not conclusive for AR diagnosis.
    • AR pathogenic P. multocida is a zoonosis, transmissible to humans.
    • Vaccination does not prevent infection with AR pathogenic P. multocida.

    Conclusions:

    • AR pathogenic P. multocida is the primary cause of Atrophic Rhinitis, with B. bronchiseptica's role being less significant.
    • Effective prevention strategies include controlling transmission through measures like stamping out and air filtering, and maintaining high maternal antibody titers.
    • A program to certify breeding herds free of AR pathogenic P. multocida has been developed.