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Related Experiment Videos

Dissipation can enhance quantum effects.

Joachim Ankerhold1, Eli Pollak

  • 1Physikalisches Institut, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|May 16, 2007
PubMed
Summary
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Momentum dissipation in quantum systems surprisingly increases position fluctuations as temperature drops, unlike classical friction. This quantum effect enhances thermal tunneling, making quantum escape relevant at higher temperatures.

Area of Science:

  • Quantum mechanics
  • Statistical physics
  • Condensed matter physics

Background:

  • Dissipation typically drives quantum systems towards classical behavior.
  • Understanding quantum dissipation is crucial for quantum technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the impact of momentum dissipation on quantum systems.
  • Compare momentum dissipation effects with spatial friction.

Main Methods:

  • Coupling particle momentum bi-linearly to a harmonic oscillator heat bath.
  • Analyzing position and momentum variances for harmonic oscillator systems.
  • Examining barrier frequency and thermal tunneling flux for parabolic barriers.

Main Results:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Momentum coupling yields position/momentum variances mirroring spatial friction's momentum/position variances.
  • Lowering temperature increases position fluctuations under momentum coupling, contrasting classical localization.
  • Momentum coupling increases barrier frequency, enhancing thermal tunneling flux exponentially below a crossover temperature.

    • Conclusions:

    • Momentum dissipation can lead to non-classical behavior in quantum systems.
    • Quantum effects in thermal escape become significant at higher temperatures with increased momentum friction.