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Neutrophil function in dogs with congenital ciliary dyskinesia
J M Maddux1, D F Edwards, M A Barnhill
1Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville.
Veterinary Pathology
|September 1, 1991
Summary
Congenital ciliary dyskinesia in dogs does not impair neutrophil function, suggesting separate mechanisms for respiratory and immune health. This finding clarifies the role of neutrophil function in canine respiratory infections.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Immunology
- Canine Genetics
- Respiratory Pathophysiology
Background:
- Congenital ciliary dyskinesia (CCD) is a genetic disorder affecting cilia function, often leading to chronic respiratory infections in dogs.
- Neutrophils play a critical role in host defense against bacterial infections.
- The potential impact of CCD on neutrophil function and its contribution to recurrent infections remains unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate in vitro neutrophil function in dogs with congenital ciliary dyskinesia.
- To compare neutrophil function between affected dogs, heterozygous carriers, and healthy controls.
- To determine if defective neutrophil function contributes to respiratory infections in CCD-affected dogs.
Main Methods:
- In vitro assessment of neutrophil functions including chemotaxis, random migration, adhesion, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, protein iodination, and oxygen radical production.
- Study included dogs with confirmed CCD, presumed heterozygous dogs, and healthy controls.
- Bacterial ingestion assays were performed on neutrophils from heterozygous and affected English Springer Spaniels compared to controls.
Main Results:
- Neutrophil chemotaxis and random migration were comparable across affected, heterozygous, and control dogs.
- Affected dogs showed increased neutrophil adhesion, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, iodination, and oxygen radical production, likely due to chronic bacterial infections.
- Neutrophil bacterial ingestion was significantly increased in heterozygous English Springer Spaniels compared to controls, but not different from affected dogs, suggesting a breed-specific trait.
Conclusions:
- Dogs with congenital ciliary dyskinesia do not exhibit significant intrinsic defects in neutrophil function.
- The microtubular system defect in CCD is not shared by neutrophils.
- Defective neutrophil function does not appear to contribute to respiratory infections in dogs with congenital ciliary dyskinesia.