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Related Concept Videos

Myocarditis I: Introduction01:21

Myocarditis I: Introduction

Myocarditis is inflammation of the myocardium, which is the muscular layer of the heart.EtiologyMyocarditis has a diverse etiology, including a wide range of infectious and non-infectious causes:Infectious CausesViral: Common viruses include Coxsackie A and B, adenovirus, parvovirus B19, enteroviruses, and influenza A.Bacterial: Examples include infections caused by Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, and Mycoplasma species.Rickettsial: Infections like Rocky Mountain spotted fever can result in...
Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:27

Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle. The symptoms vary widely, encompassing asymptomatic presentations to severe, acute manifestations.Clinical PresentationAsymptomatic cases: In some instances, myocarditis may be asymptomatic, with the infection resolving without intervention. These cases often go undetected unless discovered incidentally through diagnostic imaging or tests conducted for other reasons.General Early Symptoms: Early symptoms of myocarditis are non-specific and can...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease01:25

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease

Crohn’s disease is a chronic, relapsing form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by segmental, transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis arises from a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Together, these factors lead to an exaggerated immune response against components of the gut microbiome.Genetic and Environmental InfluencesMultiple genetic...
Cardiomyopathy I: Introduction and Classification01:25

Cardiomyopathy I: Introduction and Classification

Cardiomyopathy, or CMP, is a group of diseases affecting the myocardial structure, impairing its ability to pump blood effectively. This condition can lead to arrhythmias, heart failure, or sudden cardiac death.Cardiomyopathies are classified into primary and secondary categories:Primary Cardiomyopathy refers to conditions involving only the heart muscle that are often idiopathic (of unknown cause) or genetic. They primarily affect the myocardium without the involvement of other systemic...
Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...
Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is a rare heart muscle disease characterized by impaired ventricular filling due to stiffened ventricular walls, leading to significant diastolic dysfunction.EtiologyRestrictive cardiomyopathy can arise from both inherited and acquired diseases, many of which are systemic. It is categorized into four main types: infiltrative, storage, non-infiltrative, and endomyocardial diseases.Infiltrative diseases, such as amyloidosis, lead to RCM by depositing amyloid...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Flow Cytometry-Based Quantification and Analysis of Myocardial B-Cells
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Flow Cytometry-Based Quantification and Analysis of Myocardial B-Cells

Published on: August 17, 2022

Autoimmunological features in inflammatory cardiomyopathy.

Angela Kallwellis-Opara1, Andrea Dörner, Wolfgang-Christian Poller

  • 1Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin-Franklin, Medizinische Klinik II, Abteilung für Kardiologie und Pneumologie, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12200 Berlin, Germany.

Clinical Research in Cardiology : Official Journal of the German Cardiac Society
|May 16, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Autoimmunity plays a key role in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) pathogenesis. Chronic inflammation, often following viral infections, can trigger autoimmune responses targeting heart tissue.

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Isolation and Identification of Extravascular Immune Cells of the Heart
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Isolation and Identification of Extravascular Immune Cells of the Heart

Published on: August 23, 2018

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Last Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Flow Cytometry-Based Quantification and Analysis of Myocardial B-Cells
12:46

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Published on: August 17, 2022

Isolation and Identification of Extravascular Immune Cells of the Heart
08:24

Isolation and Identification of Extravascular Immune Cells of the Heart

Published on: August 23, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Immunology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) pathogenesis involves cellular and humoral autoimmunity.
  • Viral infections can trigger myocardial inflammation, leading to persistent or chronic inflammatory cardiomyopathy.
  • Chronic inflammation can disrupt immune tolerance, promoting autoimmune reactions against heart tissue.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the role of autoimmunity in the pathogenesis of dilated cardiomyopathy.
  • To explain the mechanisms by which chronic myocardial inflammation leads to autoimmune responses.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current evidence on autoimmunity in DCM.
  • Analysis of immune system activation following viral infections.
  • Examination of mechanisms leading to autoimmune reactions in the myocardium.

Main Results:

  • Evidence indicates both cellular and humoral autoimmunity contribute to DCM.
  • Viral persistence and chronic inflammation are observed in a subset of DCM patients.
  • Breakdown of immune control mechanisms results in autoreactive antibodies and T cells targeting heart tissue.

Conclusions:

  • Autoimmune responses are critical in dilated cardiomyopathy development.
  • Understanding these autoimmune mechanisms is key for potential therapeutic strategies.