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Updated: Jul 14, 2026

The Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test (MSPT): An iPad-Based Disability Assessment Tool
Published on: June 30, 2014
Cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis
Alexander Winkelmann1, Claudia Engel, Annett Apel
1Department of Neurology, University of Rostock, Gehlsheimer Strasse 20, 18147, Rostock, Germany.
Abstract:
Cognitive dysfunctions are frequent symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS) and occur in up to 65% of patients. Especially memory, attention, executive and visual constructive functions are impaired. These problems strongly affect patients' ability to work, social relationships, and quality of life. Symptoms of physical disabilities can arise independently. Cognitive dysfunctions are clear indicators of MS progression, because they represent highly complex functions that depend on the integrity of the neuronal networks. Once manifested after a relapse, they remain stable . Given a differentiating diagnosis, it is possible to treat these dysfunctions by cognitive training and with pharmaceutical drugs, for example by immunomodulating drugs. However, treatment options are limited at present. This report provides a detailed description of cognitive functions and performance in MS patients, their comorbidities such as fatigue and depression and therapeutic options.
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