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Published on: December 8, 2017
Infection with Mycobacterium simiae complex in four captive Micronesian kingfishers
Erika K Travis1, Randall E Junge, Scott P Terrell
1Saint Louis Zoo, 1 Government Dr, St Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Summary
Mycobacterium simiae complex infection caused severe liver disease and death in Micronesian kingfishers. This finding highlights the need for further monitoring of this pathogen in avian species.
Area of Science:
- Avian pathology
- Infectious diseases
- Zoological medicine
Background:
- Micronesian kingfishers (Halcyon cinnamomina cinnamomina) are a vulnerable species.
- Captive bird populations are susceptible to various diseases.
Observation:
- Four captive adult Micronesian kingfishers presented with lethargy or dyspnea.
- Clinical signs included marked hepatomegaly, dyspnea, weakness, and weight loss.
- Initial diagnostic tests for acid-fast bacteria were largely negative.
Findings:
- Postmortem examination revealed histiocytic hepatitis and acid-fast bacteria in all four birds.
- Bacteriologic culture identified Mycobacterium simiae complex in liver specimens.
- Hepatic biopsy suggested mycobacteriosis in two birds.
Implications:
- Mycobacterium simiae complex infection is a significant cause of mortality in Micronesian kingfishers.
- This pathogen should be considered in the differential diagnosis for sick kingfishers.
- Further research is needed to understand the prevalence and impact of M. simiae complex in this species.
