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Related Concept Videos

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis01:30

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin, heparin),...
Allergic Reactions02:06

Allergic Reactions

Overview
Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions01:30

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions

Drug-related allergies are immune-mediated responses triggered by the administration of pharmacological agents. These hypersensitivity reactions are classified based on the immune mechanisms involved. The four primary types—Type I, II, III, and IV—are mediated by different immunological pathways and exhibit distinct clinical manifestations.Type I Hypersensitivity/ IgE-Mediated Reactions: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) immediately mediates Type I hypersensitivity reactions. Upon initial exposure to a...
Allergic Drug Reactions01:27

Allergic Drug Reactions

Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing numerous...
Hypersensitivities01:30

Hypersensitivities

Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
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Hypersensitivity reactions are categorized into four types: Type 1, Type 2, Type 3, and Type 4. Each type has a distinct mechanism...
Exercise and Cardiovascular Response01:20

Exercise and Cardiovascular Response

Exercise significantly impacts cardiovascular response, which is crucial for understanding patient health and designing effective treatment plans.
Light to moderate physical activity initiates a series of interconnected responses in the body. The heart rate modestly increases in anticipation of the workout, followed by widespread vasodilation as oxygen consumption by skeletal muscles increases. This results in decreased peripheral resistance, increased capillary blood flow, and accelerated...

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Related Experiment Video

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Mouse Body Temperature Measurement Using Infrared Thermometer During Passive Systemic Anaphylaxis and Food Allergy Evaluation
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Food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis.

Eishin Morita1, Kohno Kunie, Hiroaki Matsuo

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Shimane University School of Medicine, 89-1 Enya, Izumo 693-8501, Japan. emorita@med.shimane-u.ac.jp

Journal of Dermatological Science
|May 18, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Food-dependent exercise induced anaphylaxis (FDEIA) is a specific food allergy triggered by exercise. New diagnostic methods targeting wheat omega-5 gliadin and high molecular weight glutenin show improved accuracy for wheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis (WDEIA).

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Allergology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Food-dependent exercise induced anaphylaxis (FDEIA) is a unique food allergy exacerbated by physical activity.
  • Wheat is a common trigger for FDEIA, particularly in Japan, with aspirin potentially worsening symptoms.
  • Current diagnostic methods like skin tests and IgE assays lack sufficient sensitivity and specificity, and challenge tests carry risks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify major allergens in wheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis (WDEIA).
  • To develop a more sensitive and specific in vitro diagnostic method for WDEIA.
  • To investigate the role of exercise and aspirin in facilitating allergen absorption.

Main Methods:

  • Identification of wheat omega-5 gliadin and high molecular weight glutenin as key allergens in WDEIA.
  • Development of a diagnostic assay detecting specific IgE to epitopes of these wheat proteins.
  • Monitoring of immunoreactive gliadins in patient sera during challenge tests.

Main Results:

  • Simultaneous detection of IgE to omega-5 gliadin and high molecular weight glutenin epitopes significantly improved diagnostic sensitivity and specificity compared to existing assays.
  • Immunoreactive gliadins were detected in patient sera during wheat-exercise and wheat-aspirin challenges, correlating with allergic symptoms.
  • Findings support FDEIA as an IgE-mediated reaction, with exercise and aspirin enhancing gastrointestinal allergen absorption.

Conclusions:

  • Wheat omega-5 gliadin and high molecular weight glutenin are crucial allergens in WDEIA.
  • A novel diagnostic approach measuring IgE to specific epitopes offers superior accuracy for WDEIA diagnosis.
  • Exercise and aspirin act as facilitators for allergen entry into the system, triggering anaphylaxis.