Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Measuring Maxillary Posterior Tooth Movement: A Model Assessment using Palatal and Dental Superimposition
Published on: February 23, 2024
Correlations between incisor and condyle motion during protrusion in children with primary dentition
Issei Saitoh1, Junko Tokutomi, Haruaki Hayasaki
1Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Field of Developmental Medicine, Health Research Course, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Japan. isseionj@denta.hal.kagoshima-u.ac.jp
Abstract:
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between incisor and condyle movement during protrusion in children with primary dentition. Subjects were categorized into two age groups. A primary dentition group consisted of 20 children, and a permanent dentition group consisted of 25 women. The occlusion and TMJ in both groups were normal, with no history of orthodontic treatment. Three orthogonal excursive ranges, linear distance and curvilinear distance of the incisal and condylar points; sagittal angle of condylar rotation; and correlations between incisor and condyle distances during protrusion were estimated by using multilevel statistical models. Protrusion in children with primary dentition was characterized by: 1. significantly smaller superior-inferior ranges for incisal and condylar points in children than in adults; 2. strong positive correlations between incisor and condylar anterior-posterior ranges and linear distances, a pattern similar to that in adults.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Tooth Anatomy
The Crown, Neck, and Root
The visible part of the tooth is referred to as the crown. It's covered by enamel, the hardest substance in the human body. The crown is uniquely shaped for each type of tooth, allowing for different functions such as cutting, tearing, or grinding food.
Teeth
In the bud stage, the tooth germ (an aggregation of cells) starts to form in the developing jawbone. During the cap stage, the tooth germ differentiates into enamel organ, dental papilla, and dental sac, which will later develop into the tooth's enamel, dentin and...
Assessment of the Mouth
Mouth Inspection
The inspection begins with visually examining the mouth for symmetry, color, and size.
Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification
The process begins when mesenchymal cells in the embryonic skeleton gather together and differentiate into osteogenic cells, which then develop into...
