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Related Concept Videos

Actin Treadmilling01:18

Actin Treadmilling

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Actin filaments undergo polymerization and depolymerization from either end. The polymerization and depolymerization rates depend on the cytosolic concentration of free G-actins. The polymerization rate is generally higher at the plus or barbed end, while the depolymerization rate is higher at the minus or pointed end. At a steady state, critical concentration describes the concentration of free G-actin monomers at which the polymerization rate at the plus end is equal to that of the...
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Introduction to Actin01:26

Introduction to Actin

6.5K
Actin is a highly conserved cytoskeletal protein found abundantly in eukaryotic cells. It constitutes 10% weight of the total cellular protein in muscle cells, while in non-muscle cells, it is lower and makes up around 1–5 percent of the total cell protein. Actin found in the unicellular amoebae and complex multicellular animals is around 80% similar, demonstrating their conservation over a billion years of evolution.  Actin coding genes are conserved within species and across...
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Actin Polymerization01:42

Actin Polymerization

8.4K
Actin polymerization occurs through the head-to-tail association of binding sites on monomeric actin or G-actin to form filamentous or F-actin. The polymerization can be divided into three phases ̶  nucleation, elongation, and steady-state phase.
The nucleation phase involves forming a stable nucleus consisting of three actin monomers to form a new actin filament. Actin-binding proteins such as formins and Arp2/3 complex help filament growth post-nucleation. The Formins form straight...
8.4K
Actin Filament Depolymerization01:19

Actin Filament Depolymerization

3.9K
Actin filaments (F-actin) are composed of actin subunits. The dissociation of actin monomers can occur from either end of F-actin. The rate of dissociation is faster from the minus-end or the pointed end, where the actin subunits exist with a bound ADP, together known as ADP-actin. The depolymerization of F-actin is aided by proteins, including the actin-depolymerizing factor (ADF) and cofilin family of proteins, gelsolin, and glia maturation factor (GMF).
In F-actin, the ADF/cofilin proteins...
3.9K
Formation of Higher-order Actin Filaments01:11

Formation of Higher-order Actin Filaments

3.6K
The polymerization of G-actin monomers into filamentous F-actin is a multi-step process. Once the F-actins are formed, they can bundle together in different arrangements to form higher-order networks and regulate cellular functions. Common examples include the formation of lamellipodia and filopodia at the cell's leading edge by actin reorganization in a migrating cell. The microvilli on the brush border epithelial cells are also formed through the F-actin network.
The high-order actin...
3.6K
The Role of Actin and Myosin in Non-muscle Cells01:10

The Role of Actin and Myosin in Non-muscle Cells

4.8K
Actin and myosin or actomyosin filaments also play a significant role in cells other than those involved in muscle contraction (which occurs within the sarcomere of muscle cells). The mechanism of non-muscle cell contractile bundles was first observed in Dictyostelium and Acanthamoeba. In non-muscle cells, two bundles are commonly found: stress fibers and actomyosin adherence belts. These contractile bundles are smaller and less organized than the ones found in muscle cells. They  are held...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 27, 2026

Quantification of Filamentous Actin F-actin Puncta in Rat Cortical Neurons
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Quantification of Filamentous Actin F-actin Puncta in Rat Cortical Neurons

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Actinic granuloma.

Jennifer A Stein1, Bill Fangman, Bruce Strober

  • 1New York University Department of Dermatology, USA.

Dermatology Online Journal
|May 22, 2007
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Actinic granuloma is an uncommon skin condition presenting as ring-shaped, red patches on sun-exposed skin. Histopathology reveals sarcoidal granulomas, confirming this rare diagnosis.

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Actin Co-Sedimentation Assay; for the Analysis of Protein Binding to F-Actin
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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Actinic granuloma is a rare, idiopathic condition affecting sun-exposed skin.
  • It presents clinically with annular, erythematous plaques.

Observation:

  • A 45-year-old male patient presented with a 3-year history of asymptomatic skin lesions.
  • The lesions were located on the face and neck.

Findings:

  • Histopathologic examination revealed sarcoidal granulomas.
  • Associated findings included a mixed-cell infiltrate and loss of elastic fibers.
  • No increase in dermal mucin was observed.

Implications:

  • The findings support the diagnosis of actinic granuloma.
  • This condition mimics granuloma annulare but occurs in sun-damaged skin.
  • Understanding the histopathology is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management.