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PON1, a new biomarker of cardiovascular disease, is low in patients with systemic vasculitis

Thomas Quéméneur1, Françoise Martin-Nizard, Abdelmejid Kandoussi

  • 1Department of Nephrology and Internal Medicine, Hospital of Valenciennes, Valenciennes, France.

Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism
|May 22, 2007
PubMed

Insights

Systemic vasculitis (SV) is linked to increased low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation and reduced paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity. This may accelerate atherosclerosis development in patients with SV.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Systemic vasculitis (SV) predisposes individuals to atherosclerosis.
  • High-density lipoprotein (HDL) plays a protective role against atherosclerosis through reverse cholesterol transport and by inhibiting low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation, mediated by apolipoprotein A-I (Apo-AI) and paraoxonase 1 (PON1).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether LDL oxidation is elevated in patients with SV.
  • To determine if reduced PON1 activity is associated with increased LDL oxidation in SV.

Main Methods:

  • Serum analysis of 33 active SV (ASV) patients, 32 remission SV (RSV) patients, and 20 healthy subjects (HS).
  • Measurements included C-reactive protein (CRP), lipids, lipoproteins, apolipoproteins, PON1 activity, LDL-immune complexes (LDL-IC), and autoantibodies to oxidized-LDL (ox-LDL).

Main Results:

  • CRP levels were higher in ASV patients compared to RSV and HS, correlating negatively with HDL-cholesterol and Apo-AI.
  • Autoantibodies to ox-LDL and malondialdehyde-LDL were elevated in RSV patients.
  • LDL-IC titers were higher in ASV patients, and PON1 activity was lower in both ASV and RSV patients compared to HS.

Conclusions:

  • Inflammatory markers in SV are associated with altered lipoprotein profiles.
  • This modification may lead to decreased PON1 activity, increased ox-LDL, and accelerated atherosclerosis in SV patients.
Abstract

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