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Related Experiment Videos

Methane and nitrous oxide in the ice core record.

Eric Wolff1, Renato Spahni

  • 1British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge, UK. ewwo@bas.ac.uk

Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences
|May 22, 2007
PubMed
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Synchronous timing of abrupt climate changes during the last glacial period.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2020

Polar ice cores reveal greenhouse gas levels over 650,000 years. Methane and nitrous oxide concentrations are currently elevated, far exceeding natural historical ranges.

Area of Science:

  • Paleoclimatology
  • Atmospheric Chemistry
  • Greenhouse Gas Research

Background:

  • Polar ice cores preserve ancient atmospheric composition in trapped air bubbles.
  • Methane and nitrous oxide are key non-CO2 greenhouse gases with complex historical records.
  • Current atmospheric concentrations of these gases exceed natural Holocene levels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze long-term trends of atmospheric methane and nitrous oxide using polar ice core data.
  • To investigate the drivers of glacial-interglacial methane cycles and pre-industrial variations.
  • To assess the role of natural versus anthropogenic factors in historical greenhouse gas changes.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of stable atmospheric gas concentrations (methane, nitrous oxide) from polar ice cores.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Examination of isotopic data to evaluate methane sources and sinks.
  • Correlation of gas records with paleoclimate indicators (e.g., Dansgaard-Oeschger events).

    • Main Results:

    • Methane concentrations over the last 650,000 years tracked climate, being lower during glacial periods.
    • Current methane levels are unprecedented in the 650,000-year ice core record.
    • Nitrous oxide also shows glacial-interglacial patterns, though less distinct than methane.

    Conclusions:

    • Ice core data provide critical insights into natural greenhouse gas variability and anthropogenic impact.
    • While wetland emissions influence methane, other sources and sinks require further investigation.
    • Understanding past greenhouse gas dynamics is crucial for predicting future climate change.