Induced gamma activity and event-related coherence in schizophrenia

Evidence has been provided that high frequency oscillations within the gamma band reflect mechanisms of cortical integration. In the light of recently proposed pathophysiological models of schizophrenia, suggesting a disturbance of the functional connectivity within distributed neural networks, it has been hypothesized that abnormalities in the gamma band underlie perceptual and cognitive dysfunctions in patients with schizophrenia. In the present study we investigated evoked and induced 40-Hz gamma power as well as frontoparietal and frontotemporal event-related coherence in patients with deficit and nondeficit schizophrenia and in matched healthy controls. In patients, correlations between gamma oscillations and psychopathological dimensions were also investigated. A reduction of both induced gamma power and event-related coherence was observed in patients with nondeficit schizophrenia, but not in those with deficit schizophrenia. Our findings support the hypothesis that deficit and nondeficit schizophrenia represent separate disease entities, suggesting the presence of a poor integration of the neuronal activity within distributed neural network only in the subgroup of schizophrenic patients without primary and persistent negative symptoms. Associations between an excess of gamma oscillations and psychopathological dimensions were observed, suggesting that abnormal thoughts, behaviors and perceptions might be related to the formation of inappropriate neural connections.