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Related Concept Videos

Role of Skin in Vitamin D Synthesis01:23

Role of Skin in Vitamin D Synthesis

The skin plays a crucial role in the synthesis of vitamin D, a vital nutrient for various physiological processes in the body. Vitamin D is unique because it can be synthesized in the skin through a series of chemical reactions triggered by exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation from sunlight.
The solar UV B rays (290-315 nm) are absorbed by the skin, and 7-dehydrocholesterol (provitamin D3) photolyzes it to previtamin D3, which undergoes a rapid transformation to vitamin D3(cholecalciferol).
Vitamins01:30

Vitamins

Vitamins, derived from the Latin word for life, are essential organic substances required in small quantities for optimal growth and overall well-being. Unlike other organic nutrients, vitamins don't act as sources of energy or building materials but rather facilitate these nutrients' utilization by the body. Vitamins are predominantly coenzymes, assisting enzymes in specific chemical actions, like the oxidation of glucose for energy involving B vitamins. Most vitamins are not produced in our...
Fungal Phylum Microsporidia01:28

Fungal Phylum Microsporidia

Microsporidia are a group of obligate intracellular fungi that were initially classified as protists but were later reclassified based on phylogenetic, molecular, and structural evidence linking them to the Chytridiomycota. These unicellular, non-motile organisms are highly specialized parasites that infect a wide range of animal hosts, including humans. They have evolved extensive genomic and metabolic reductions, making them highly dependent on their hosts for survival.Morphology and Genomic...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
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Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction01:19

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 14, 2026

A Method of Trigonometric Modelling of Seasonal Variation Demonstrated with Multiple Sclerosis Relapse Data
10:46

A Method of Trigonometric Modelling of Seasonal Variation Demonstrated with Multiple Sclerosis Relapse Data

Published on: December 9, 2015

Vitamin D deficiency in a multinational refugee population.

H D Wishart1, A M F Reeve, C C Grant

  • 1Auckland Regional Public Health Service Medical Clinic, Mangere Refugee Resettlement Centre, Manakau City, New Zealand.

Internal Medicine Journal
|May 23, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Low vitamin D levels are common in refugees resettling in New Zealand. Female refugees, especially those of child-bearing age, face the highest risk of vitamin D deficiency.

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Last Updated: Jul 14, 2026

A Method of Trigonometric Modelling of Seasonal Variation Demonstrated with Multiple Sclerosis Relapse Data
10:46

A Method of Trigonometric Modelling of Seasonal Variation Demonstrated with Multiple Sclerosis Relapse Data

Published on: December 9, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Nutritional Epidemiology
  • Migration Health

Background:

  • Populations with higher skin pigmentation migrating to higher latitudes face increased risk of vitamin D deficiency.
  • Refugee populations are particularly vulnerable due to factors like limited sun exposure and dietary changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of low vitamin D levels among refugees resettling in New Zealand.
  • To identify demographic factors associated with vitamin D deficiency in this population.

Main Methods:

  • An audit of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels was conducted for refugees arriving between May 2004 and May 2005.
  • Vitamin D levels were categorized as normal, insufficient, or deficient.
  • Statistical analysis examined variations in vitamin D status by age and sex.

Main Results:

  • Vitamin D deficiency was prevalent, with 54% of refugees exhibiting low levels.
  • Vitamin D insufficiency was observed in 37%, and deficiency in 17% of the refugee cohort.
  • Female sex was strongly associated with an increased risk of vitamin D deficiency (RR 13.93), with women aged 17-45 and men over 46 at highest risk.

Conclusions:

  • A significant proportion of refugees arriving in New Zealand present with poor vitamin D status.
  • Women of child-bearing age are identified as a high-risk group for vitamin D deficiency.
  • Routine screening and ongoing surveillance for vitamin D deficiency are recommended for all new refugee immigrants.