Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Instrumentation Amplifier

Instrumentation Amplifier

An electrocardiography (ECG) machine is an essential piece of medical equipment used to monitor the electrical activity of the heart. It operates by detecting small electrical changes on the skin that result from the depolarization of the heart muscle during each heartbeat. However, these signals are in the microvolt range and can be easily overwhelmed by noise or interference.
To overcome this challenge, an ECG machine utilizes an instrumentation amplifier. This specialized amplifier is...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Endocannabinoids facilitate transitory reward engagement through retrograde gain-control.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025

Same author

The Challenges to Advancing Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Dependent Cell Replacement Therapy.

Medical research archives·2024

Same author

Acute Stent-Induced Endothelial Denudation: Biomechanical Predictors of Vascular Injury.

Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine·2021

Same author

Virus-free and oncogene-free induced pluripotent stem cell reprogramming in cord blood and peripheral blood in patients with lung disease.

Regenerative medicine·2018

Same author

Mixed Communities of Mucoid and Nonmucoid <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> Exhibit Enhanced Resistance to Host Antimicrobials.

mBio·2018

Same author

Efficient method to create integration-free, virus-free, <i>Myc</i> and <i>Lin28</i>-free human induced pluripotent stem cells from adherent cells.

Future science OA·2017

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 18, 2026

Fabrication and Validation of an Organ-on-chip System with Integrated Electrodes to Directly Quantify Transendothelial Electrical Resistance

Fabrication and Validation of an Organ-on-chip System with Integrated Electrodes to Directly Quantify Transendothelial Electrical Resistance

Published on: September 26, 2017

Endothelial cell electrical impedance parameter artifacts produced by a gold electrode and phase sensitive detection.

Anthony E English¹, James C Squire, James E Bodmer

¹University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA. tenglish@utk.edu

IEEE Transactions on Bio-Medical Engineering

|May 24, 2007

Summary

Cellular micro-impedance measurements are prone to instrumental artifacts. Digital filtering and circuit modifications reduce these errors, improving cellular barrier model accuracy and data fit.

More Related Videos

Electric Cell-substrate Impedance Sensing for the Quantification of Endothelial Proliferation, Barrier Function, and Motility

Electric Cell-substrate Impedance Sensing for the Quantification of Endothelial Proliferation, Barrier Function, and Motility

Published on: March 28, 2014

A Real-time Electrical Impedance Based Technique to Measure Invasion of Endothelial Cell Monolayer by Cancer Cells

A Real-time Electrical Impedance Based Technique to Measure Invasion of Endothelial Cell Monolayer by Cancer Cells

Published on: April 1, 2011

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 18, 2026

Fabrication and Validation of an Organ-on-chip System with Integrated Electrodes to Directly Quantify Transendothelial Electrical Resistance

Fabrication and Validation of an Organ-on-chip System with Integrated Electrodes to Directly Quantify Transendothelial Electrical Resistance

Published on: September 26, 2017

Electric Cell-substrate Impedance Sensing for the Quantification of Endothelial Proliferation, Barrier Function, and Motility

Electric Cell-substrate Impedance Sensing for the Quantification of Endothelial Proliferation, Barrier Function, and Motility

Published on: March 28, 2014

A Real-time Electrical Impedance Based Technique to Measure Invasion of Endothelial Cell Monolayer by Cancer Cells

A Real-time Electrical Impedance Based Technique to Measure Invasion of Endothelial Cell Monolayer by Cancer Cells

Published on: April 1, 2011

Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Cell Biology
Electrical Engineering

Background:

Frequency-dependent cellular micro-impedance is crucial for evaluating cellular barrier function.
Phase-sensitive detection with gold two-electrode configurations is commonly used for these measurements.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify and quantify instrumental artifacts affecting cellular micro-impedance measurements.
To assess the impact of these artifacts on cellular barrier model parameter estimation.
To evaluate methods for reducing these artifacts and improving measurement accuracy.

Main Methods:

Power spectral analysis of microelectrode voltages to identify noise sources.
Digital filtering techniques to reduce time-dependent instrumental artifacts.
Implementation of an active current source and analysis of circuit models to address systematic errors.

Main Results:

Synchronous, 60 Hz, and white Gaussian noise were identified as significant time-dependent artifacts.
Digital filtering reduced model parameter fluctuations.
Electrode impedance and circuit capacitances caused systematic deviations; active current source partially mitigated voltage divider effects.
Capacitive elements in coaxial cables and circuits introduced artifacts above 1 kHz.

Conclusions:

Instrumental artifacts significantly impact cellular barrier function parameter estimates.
Reducing both time-dependent and systematic errors enhances model accuracy and fit.
Careful consideration of biosensor instrumentation is vital for reliable cellular impedance measurements.