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Hyperoxic brain effects are normalized by addition of CO2.

Paul M Macey1, Mary A Woo, Ronald M Harper

  • 1Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America.

Plos Medicine
|May 24, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Hyperoxic ventilation in children activates brain areas controlling autonomic and hormonal responses. Adding carbon dioxide (CO2) to oxygen mitigates these effects, suggesting a way to reduce hyperoxia

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Hyperoxic ventilation (HV) is common but can paradoxically worsen outcomes by affecting cerebral blood flow and autonomic function.
  • HV can trigger systemic hormonal and sympathetic changes mediated by brain regions involved in autonomic control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate brain region recruitment during hyperoxic ventilation in children.
  • To determine if adding carbon dioxide (CO2) to hyperoxic gas mitigates these brain responses.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to study 14 children (ages 8-15).
  • Participants underwent hyperoxic ventilation (100% O2) and hyperoxic ventilation with 5% CO2.
  • Brain activity was compared to a room air baseline.

Main Results:

  • Hyperoxic ventilation elicited significant responses in brain areas regulating autonomic and hormonal control, including the hypothalamus, insula, and hippocampus.
  • Adding 5% CO2 to oxygen abolished or substantially reduced responses in these areas.
  • The dorsal midbrain showed a response to hypercapnia but not hyperoxia.

Conclusions:

  • Hyperoxic ventilation in children activates brain regions modulating sympathetic and hormonal outflow.
  • Supplementing hyperoxic gas mixtures with CO2 can diminish these central and peripheral effects.
  • This suggests CO2 addition may mitigate adverse consequences of hyperoxia.