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Related Concept Videos

Intrauterine Drug Delivery Systems01:21

Intrauterine Drug Delivery Systems

Controlled-release systems for intravaginal and intrauterine drug delivery have been developed primarily for the administration of contraceptive steroid hormones. These delivery routes circumvent first-pass hepatic metabolism, thereby enhancing bioavailability and allowing for reduced systemic dosages compared to oral administration. Such approaches contribute to improved therapeutic efficacy and patient compliance, particularly in long-term contraceptive regimens.Intravaginal Drug Delivery...
Birth Control Methods01:22

Birth Control Methods

Vasectomy is a surgical form of male sterilization that involves severing and sealing the vasa deferentia, preventing sperm from mixing with semen during ejaculation. Because a vasectomy does not impact the testes' ability to produce testosterone, hormone levels, libido, and sexual function generally remain unchanged. While vasectomy is highly effective in preventing pregnancy, with a success rate near 99.85%, rare cases of recanalization (spontaneous reconnection) can occur. Although vasectomy...
Parenteral Drug Delivery Systems: Injectables, Implants, and Infusion Devices01:28

Parenteral Drug Delivery Systems: Injectables, Implants, and Infusion Devices

Parenteral drug delivery systems play a crucial role in modern therapeutics by enabling the direct administration of drugs into the systemic circulation, bypassing the gastrointestinal tract. These systems are particularly valuable for poorly absorbed oral medications that are unstable in the digestive environment or require rapid onset or sustained therapeutic levels. Delivery is achieved through intravenous, intramuscular, or subcutaneous routes, each selected based on the drug's properties...
Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems01:18

Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems

Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) enable the controlled release of drugs across the skin into systemic circulation. They are particularly advantageous for drugs with short half-lives or narrow therapeutic indices, as they maintain consistent plasma concentrations and reduce the risk of subtherapeutic or toxic levels.TDDS are categorized into monolithic, reservoir, and mixed systems. Monolithic systems embed the drug in a polymer matrix, where diffusion governs release. Reservoir systems...
Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Continuous-Release Systems01:26

Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Continuous-Release Systems

Continuous-release drug delivery systems offer a strategic approach to maintaining therapeutic drug levels over extended periods following oral administration. By modulating the release rate of active pharmaceutical ingredients, these systems minimize fluctuations in plasma concentrations, which enhances clinical efficacy and reduces the need for frequent dosing. Such characteristics make them particularly advantageous in managing chronic diseases where patient adherence and stable drug...
Infertility in Females01:28

Infertility in Females

Female infertility is defined as the inability to conceive after a year of regular, unprotected intercourse and affects about 10–15% of couples worldwide. The primary cause of female infertility is ovulatory disorders, which hinder the release of eggs. These disorders can be classified as hypothalamic amenorrhea, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), premature ovarian failure, and hyperprolactinemic anovulation disorders.
Endometriosis, a condition characterized by abnormal growth of endometrial...

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An Affordable HIV-1 Drug Resistance Monitoring Method for Resource Limited Settings
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An Affordable HIV-1 Drug Resistance Monitoring Method for Resource Limited Settings

Published on: March 30, 2014

Contraceptive implants in Kenya: current status and future prospects.

David Hubacher1, Joshua Kimani, Markus J Steiner

  • 1Family Health International, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA. dhubacher@fhi.org

Contraception
|May 24, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Kenya has a high demand for contraceptive implants, with services ready to expand. Switching 100,000 oral contraceptive users to implants could avert 26,000 unintended pregnancies over five years.

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Health
  • Contraceptive Technology

Background:

  • Contraceptive implant demand in Kenya has been consistently high since Norplant's introduction over 20 years ago.
  • Substantial reductions in contraceptive implant costs are currently being observed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess Kenya's experience with contraceptive implants.
  • To understand demand, service capacity, and the reproductive health impact of increased implant use.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted interviews with 35 key informants in Kenya.
  • Modeled the impact of increased national implant use on unintended pregnancies, assuming a shift from oral contraceptives.

Main Results:

  • Kenya exhibits an unmet need for contraceptive implants.
  • The existing network of trained providers is capable of increasing service volume.
  • An estimated 26,000 unintended pregnancies could be averted over five years if 100,000 oral contraceptive users switch to implants.

Conclusions:

  • Increased procurement of contraceptive implants by international donor agencies can support Kenya's efforts.
  • Kenya can decrease its reliance on short-term hormonal contraceptives.
  • A significant reduction in the 45% unintended pregnancy prevalence rate is achievable.