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Related Concept Videos

Allergic Reactions02:06

Allergic Reactions

Overview
Allergic Drug Reactions01:27

Allergic Drug Reactions

Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing numerous...
Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis01:30

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin, heparin),...
Chickenpox01:20

Chickenpox

Chickenpox is an acute, highly contagious disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV), a double-stranded DNA virus belonging to the Herpesviridae family. Its transmission occurs primarily through the inhalation of respiratory droplets or direct contact with vesicular fluid from skin lesions. The incubation period typically ranges from 10 to 21 days, during which the virus replicates and disseminates through sequential phases within the host. Although generally self-limiting in children,...
Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
Hypersensitivities01:30

Hypersensitivities

Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
Types of Hypersensitivities
Hypersensitivity reactions are categorized into four types: Type 1, Type 2, Type 3, and Type 4. Each type has a distinct mechanism...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Cheek Injection Model for Simultaneous Measurement of Pain and Itch-related Behaviors
04:59

Cheek Injection Model for Simultaneous Measurement of Pain and Itch-related Behaviors

Published on: September 27, 2019

An itchy holiday.

C van Nispen tot Pannerden1, F van Gompel, B J Rijnders

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases section, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.

The Netherlands Journal of Medicine
|May 24, 2007
PubMed
Summary

A Dutch woman experienced persistent itchy skin lesions after a Thai beach holiday. Successful treatment for hookworm-related folliculitis was achieved, highlighting this parasitic skin infection.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Parasitology

Background:

  • Hookworm infections are a significant global health concern, primarily affecting tropical and subtropical regions.
  • Cutaneous manifestations of hookworm infection can vary, with folliculitis being a less commonly recognized presentation.

Observation:

  • A 33-year-old Dutch traveler presented with pruritic skin lesions following a beach holiday in Thailand.
  • Initial treatments for presumed conditions were ineffective, necessitating further diagnostic consideration.

Findings:

  • The patient was diagnosed with hookworm-related folliculitis based on clinical suspicion.
  • This diagnosis led to successful therapeutic intervention and resolution of symptoms.

Implications:

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Last Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Cheek Injection Model for Simultaneous Measurement of Pain and Itch-related Behaviors
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Published on: September 27, 2019

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  • This case underscores the importance of considering parasitic infections, such as hookworm-related folliculitis, in travelers returning from endemic areas.
  • Increased awareness among clinicians can improve diagnostic accuracy and timely management of unusual cutaneous presentations.
  • Further research into the prevalence and clinical spectrum of hookworm-induced dermatoses is warranted.