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Endoscopic Procedures I: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy

Endoscopic Procedures I: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy

An Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is a diagnostic procedure in which an endoscopist uses a flexible, lighted endoscope to visualize the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The procedure includes visualizing the oropharynx, esophagus, stomach, and the first part of the small intestine, the duodenum.
During an EGD, the endoscope can be used to:

Endoscopic Procedures IV: Sigmoidoscopy and Laproscopy

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Sigmoidoscopy and laparoscopy are distinct medical procedures that enable physicians to internally inspect different parts of the GI tract. Although they serve different purposes, each is essential for diagnosing and, in some cases, treating various medical conditions.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Dynamic Navigation in Endodontics: Guided Access Cavity Preparation by Means of a Miniaturized Navigation System

Dynamic Navigation in Endodontics: Guided Access Cavity Preparation by Means of a Miniaturized Navigation System

Published on: May 5, 2022

[The influence of navigation on endoscopic sinus surgery].

J Oeken¹, J Törpel

¹Kopf- und Halschirurgie, Klinik für HNO-Heilkunde, Flemmingstrasse 2, 09116 Chemnitz. jens.oeken@skc.de

|May 24, 2007

Summary

Navigation in endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) significantly expands surgical possibilities, particularly for revision cases of chronic sinusitis with nasal polyposis. This technology enhances procedural execution and extends the feasibility of endonasal approaches.

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Role of Diffusion MRI Tractography in Endoscopic Endonasal Skull Base Surgery

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Last Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Dynamic Navigation in Endodontics: Guided Access Cavity Preparation by Means of a Miniaturized Navigation System

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Published on: May 5, 2022

Role of Diffusion MRI Tractography in Endoscopic Endonasal Skull Base Surgery

Role of Diffusion MRI Tractography in Endoscopic Endonasal Skull Base Surgery

Published on: July 5, 2021

Area of Science:

Otolaryngology
Neurosurgery
Medical technology

Context:

Endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) is increasingly utilizing navigation systems.
The impact of these systems on surgical procedures requires thorough evaluation.

Purpose:

To prospectively evaluate the repercussions of navigated ESS on surgical procedures.
To determine the benefit of navigation across various sinonasal diagnoses and surgical complexities.

Summary:

A study of 106 patients undergoing navigated ESS found significant benefits for revision surgery in chronic sinusitis with nasal polyposis.
Navigation extended the feasibility of endonasal approaches for 14% of cases and improved thoroughness in 11%.
Complications included 12 slight and 3 serious events, such as dura defects and meningitis.

Impact:

Navigation substantially influences ESS execution, extending its possibilities.
The technology proves most beneficial in recurrent sinonasal polyposis and mucoceles.
It facilitates endonasal procedures that might otherwise require more invasive approaches.