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Modeling the mechanical consequences of vibratory loading in the vertebral body: microscale effects
D A Dickerson1, E A Sander, E A Nauman
1Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology
|May 24, 2007
Summary
Whole body vibration therapy shows promise for osteoporosis treatment by stimulating bone growth. Fluid shear stress, influenced by marrow viscosity, is key to this osteogenic effect.
Area of Science:
- Biomechanics
- Biomedical Engineering
- Orthopedics
Background:
- Osteoporosis impacts millions, with conventional treatments like anti-resorptive drugs having limitations.
- Low magnitude, dynamic stimuli, such as whole body vibration, show osteogenic potential without high strain.
- Vertebral vibration induces multiple stimuli: low strains, marrow shear stress, and blood flow.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the relative importance of different mechanical stimuli during whole body vibration.
- To understand the osteogenic mechanisms of whole body vibration in the vertebral body.
Main Methods:
- Integrated a microstructural model of vertebral cancellous bone with a mixture theory model.
- Simulated vibratory loading on the vertebral body model.
- Analyzed predicted shear stresses and blood flow rates.
Main Results:
- Predicted shear stresses on trabecular surfaces were within stimulatory ranges and increased with solid volume fraction.
- Peak volumetric blood flow rates depended on strain amplitude and frequency, not solid volume fraction.
- Fluid shear stress appears to be the primary determinant of vertebral response to vibration.
Conclusions:
- Fluid shear stress is the governing factor in vertebral response to whole body vibration.
- Marrow viscosity is a critical parameter that modulates the stimulatory fluid shear stress.
- This study provides insights into optimizing vibration therapy for osteoporosis.
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