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Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Intraoperative Ultrasound in Spinal Surgery

Intraoperative Ultrasound in Spinal Surgery

Published on: August 17, 2022

Intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging in neurosurgery.

S K Yrjänä¹, J Tuominen, J Koivukangas

¹Department of Neurosurgery, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland. sanna.yrjana@oulu.fi

Acta Radiologica (Stockholm, Sweden : 1987)

|May 24, 2007

Summary

Intraoperative magnetic resonance (MR)-guided surgery, primarily for brain tumors, utilizes various MR scanner field strengths. This study details practical approaches and presents 160 craniotomies using a low-field (0.23T) intraoperative MRI system.

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Area of Science:

Neurosurgery
Medical Imaging
Radiology

Background:

Intraoperative magnetic resonance (MR)-guided neurosurgery has been utilized since 1996, predominantly for brain tumor resections.
Various concepts for intraoperative MRI procedures employing low-, middle-, and high-field MR scanners have been documented by leading neurosurgical institutions.

Purpose of the Study:

To present a practical overview of different intraoperative MRI solutions employed in neurosurgical centers.
To detail the authors' specific concept and experience with 160 craniotomies using a low-field (0.23T) intraoperative MRI system.

Main Methods:

Review of different intraoperative MRI concepts implemented in pioneering neurosurgical centers.
Detailed description of a specific intraoperative MRI setup featuring a low-field (0.23T) scanner operational during surgery.
Surgical case series of 160 craniotomies performed with the described intraoperative MRI system since 1999.

Main Results:

The study provides a practical perspective on diverse intraoperative MRI approaches in neurosurgery.
The authors report their experience with 160 craniotomies, demonstrating the feasibility and application of a low-field (0.23T) intraoperative MRI system.
The described system allows for intraoperative MR imaging to be activated and deactivated as needed during surgical procedures.

Conclusions:

Intraoperative MRI offers valuable guidance in neurosurgical operations, particularly for brain tumors.
Low-field intraoperative MRI systems provide a practical and effective solution for enhancing surgical precision and safety.
The authors' experience highlights the successful integration and utility of a switchable low-field (0.23T) intraoperative MRI scanner in a clinical setting.