Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Screening Bioactive Nanoparticles in Phagocytic Immune Cells for Inhibitors of Toll-like Receptor Signaling
Published on: July 26, 2017
How important are Toll-like receptors for antimicrobial responses?
Susan Carpenter1, Luke A J O'Neill
1School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. carpents@tcd.ie
Abstract:
The innate immune system is the primary line of defence against invading pathogenic microbes. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a family of membrane receptors which play a pivotal role in sensing a wide range of invading pathogens including bacteria, fungi and viruses. TLR-deficient mice have provided us with immense knowledge on the functioning of individual TLRs. Dysregulation of TLR signalling is linked with a number of disease conditions. Disease models have helped show that targeting components of TLR signalling cascades could lead to novel therapies in the treatment of infectious diseases. In this review we focus on the evidence provided to date to explain just how important TLRs are in host defence against microbial pathogens.
More Related Videos
07:55A Macrophage Reporter Cell Assay to Examine Toll-Like Receptor-Mediated NF-kB/AP-1 Signaling on Adsorbed Protein Layers on Polymeric Surfaces
Published on: January 7, 2020
07:42Fluorescence Assays for the Study of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Interaction with the Immune Receptor SLAMF1
Published on: February 28, 2025
Related Concept Videos
Antimicrobial Proteins
Interferons
Interferons (IFNs) are proteins produced by lymphocytes, macrophages, and fibroblasts infected with viruses. While IFNs cannot prevent viruses from entering and...
Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...
Bacterial Signaling
Transduction
Cell-mediated Immune Responses
Signal Transduction: Overview
Typically, signal transduction involves three...