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Related Experiment Videos

Acute poisoning from hair dye.

H Yagi1, A M el Hind, S I Khalil

  • 1Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Sudan.

East African Medical Journal
|June 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
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Acute hair dye poisoning from paraphenylenediamine can cause asphyxia. Prompt diagnosis and treatment with steroids, antihistamines, and antibiotics, including tracheostomy for severe cases, are life-saving interventions.

Area of Science:

  • Toxicology
  • Dermatology
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Acute poisoning from hair dye ingredients, particularly paraphenylenediamine (PPD), presents a significant clinical challenge.
  • PPD is a common allergen and toxicant found in permanent hair dyes, leading to severe adverse reactions upon ingestion or extensive skin absorption.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the clinical features, diagnostic methods, and effective management strategies for acute paraphenylenediamine poisoning.
  • To highlight the critical role of early diagnosis and intervention in improving patient outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective case series analysis of 18 patients with acute hair dye poisoning.
  • Clinical observation of characteristic symptoms, including facial swelling and "chocolate brown" urine.

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  • Laboratory confirmation of paraphenylenediamine in urine using thin-layer chromatography on silica gel.

    • Main Results:

    • Characteristic diagnostic features included swollen face and dark, "chocolate brown" urine.
    • Asphyxia was identified as the primary life-threatening early complication.
    • All severe cases required tracheostomy and intensive treatment; mild cases were managed without tracheostomy.

    Conclusions:

    • Early and accurate diagnosis of paraphenylenediamine poisoning is crucial for effective management.
    • A combination of hydrocortisone, chlorpheniramine maleate, and penicillin is effective in treating both mild and severe cases.
    • Tracheostomy is a life-saving procedure for patients experiencing asphyxia due to severe poisoning.