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Urinary stone disease in Dar es Salaam.

C A Mkony1, L M Chuwa, J F Kahamba

  • 1Muhimbili Medical Centre, Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania.

East African Medical Journal
|June 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

Urinary stone disease is prevalent in Dar es Salaam, comparable to Western countries. Calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate stones are common, with a higher incidence in Arab patients and those with a history of bilharzia.

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Nephrology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Urinary stone disease poses a significant global health burden.
  • Understanding the epidemiology and composition of urinary stones is crucial for effective management.
  • Limited data exists on urinary stone disease prevalence in East Africa.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence, patient demographics, and stone composition of urinary stones in Dar es Salaam.
  • To compare the incidence of urinary stone disease in this population with Western countries.

Main Methods:

  • A six-month prospective study at Muhimbili Medical Centre.
  • Data collection included patient demographics, medical history (including bilharzia), and stone location.
  • Chemical analysis of available urinary stones was performed.

Main Results:

  • Forty-four adult patients (34 males, 10 females) were diagnosed with urinary stones.
  • A high proportion of stones were found in the upper urinary tract (70%) versus the bladder/urethra (30%).
  • Calcium oxalate (8/20) and calcium phosphate (7/20) were the predominant stone compositions. Arab ethnicity and a history of bilharzia were associated with increased risk.

Conclusions:

  • Urinary stone disease prevalence in Dar es Salaam is comparable to Western countries.
  • Demographic and etiological factors, including ethnicity and bilharzia, may influence stone formation.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate specific risk factors and inform prevention strategies.

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