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Oogenesis

Oogenesis

In human women, oogenesis produces one mature egg cell or ovum for every precursor cell that enters meiosis. This process differs in two unique ways from the equivalent procedure of spermatogenesis in males. First, meiotic divisions during oogenesis are asymmetric, meaning that a large oocyte (containing most of the cytoplasm) and minor polar body are produced as a result of meiosis I, and again following meiosis II. Since only oocytes will go on to form embryos if fertilized, this unequal...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Proteolytically Degraded Alginate Hydrogels and Hydrophobic Microbioreactors for Porcine Oocyte Encapsulation

Proteolytically Degraded Alginate Hydrogels and Hydrophobic Microbioreactors for Porcine Oocyte Encapsulation

Published on: July 30, 2020

Macroenvironment effects on oocytes and embryos in swine.

G R Foxcroft¹, M D Vinsky, F Paradis

¹Swine Reproduction-Development Program, Swine Research & Technology Centre, University of Alberta, Canada. george.foxcroft@ualberta.ca

|May 26, 2007

Summary

Environmental factors significantly impact piglet development, affecting fertility and embryonic growth. Litter interactions and maternal nutrition influence fetal development, leading to potential issues like intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR).

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Last Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Proteolytically Degraded Alginate Hydrogels and Hydrophobic Microbioreactors for Porcine Oocyte Encapsulation

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Published on: July 30, 2020

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Analysis of Chromosome Segregation, Histone Acetylation, and Spindle Morphology in Horse Oocytes

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Published on: May 11, 2017

Area of Science:

Reproductive biology
Animal science
Developmental biology

Background:

Genotype-environment interactions profoundly influence swine phenotype.
Intrauterine litter dynamics add complexity to pig development.
Preovulatory nutritional manipulation affects oocyte maturity and fertility.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the impact of lactational catabolism on sow fertility and oocyte development.
To examine gender-specific embryonic loss and developmental effects of metabolic programming.
To understand how intrauterine crowding affects placental development and fetal growth.

Main Methods:

Analysis of sow fertility following lactational catabolism.
Assessment of metabolic programming effects on early embryonic development and survival.
Evaluation of intrauterine crowding impacts on placental development and myogenesis.

Main Results:

Lactational catabolism is linked to immature follicles/oocytes and reduced fertility in sows.
Metabolic programming can cause gender-specific embryonic loss by Day 30.
Intrauterine crowding limits placental development and affects myogenesis in a gender-specific manner, leading to intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR).

Conclusions:

Early life nutrition and uterine environment critically influence reproductive success and fetal development in pigs.
Interventions are needed to mitigate negative impacts of lactational catabolism and intrauterine crowding.
Understanding these factors is crucial for improving swine production and animal welfare.