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Pleural effusion in long-term hemodialysis patients
1Baskent University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Ankara, Turkey.
Transplantation Proceedings
|May 26, 2007
Summary
Pleural effusions are common in patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis, often caused by fluid overload. This condition is manageable and should not prevent kidney transplant consideration.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Pulmonology
- Internal Medicine
Background:
- Chronic renal failure and long-term hemodialysis increase the risk of thoracic complications.
- Uremic patients frequently develop conditions like pleuritis, pericarditis, pneumonia, and pulmonary calcification.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the incidence, causes, and clinical characteristics of pleural effusions in patients undergoing long-term hemodialysis.
- To understand the management and implications of pleural effusions in this patient population.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of medical records from 257 patients on long-term hemodialysis (1990-2006).
- Evaluation of pleural effusion incidence, laterality, causes, and thoracentesis findings.
Main Results:
- Pleural effusion occurred in 20.2% of hospitalized hemodialysis patients.
- Hypervolemia was the primary cause (61.5%), often resulting in bilateral effusions (68.8%).
- Transudative effusions (64.3%) were linked to hypervolemia and heart failure; exudative effusions (35.7%) to uremic pleuritis.
Conclusions:
- Pleural effusions are a frequent complication in chronic hemodialysis patients.
- Hypervolemia is the leading cause, and effusions should not deter renal transplant consideration.
- Thoracentesis can be useful for unilateral effusions.
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