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Related Experiment Videos

Cerebral vascular dysfunction during hypercholesterolemia.

Jiro Kitayama1, Frank M Faraci, Steven R Lentz

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242-1081, USA.

Stroke
|May 26, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Hypercholesterolemia impairs brain blood vessel function via oxidative stress, even without atherosclerosis. This study investigated this endothelial dysfunction mechanism in cerebral arterioles.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Oxidative Stress Research

Background:

  • Elevated superoxide generation in peripheral arteries of hypercholesterolemic animals is linked to endothelial dysfunction.
  • Atherosclerotic lesions can exacerbate this dysfunction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test if hypercholesterolemia impairs vasomotor function in cerebral arterioles.
  • To determine if oxidative stress is the underlying mechanism.

Main Methods:

  • Apolipoprotein E-deficient (apoE(-/-)) mice were fed normal or high-fat diets for over 6 months.
  • Cerebral arteriole responses were measured in vivo using open cranial windows.
  • Normocholesterolemic apoE(+/-) mice served as controls.

Main Results:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Cerebral arteriole dilator response to acetylcholine was reduced in hypercholesterolemic mice.
  • NADPH-induced vasodilation was increased in hypercholesterolemic mice on a high-fat diet.
  • Superoxide scavenger (Tempol) and NADPH oxidase inhibitor (apocynin) improved responses in hypercholesterolemic mice.

Conclusions:

  • Hypercholesterolemia is associated with endothelial dysfunction in cerebral arterioles.
  • Oxidative stress plays a key role in this dysfunction.
  • Cerebral endothelial dysfunction occurs independently of atherosclerotic lesions in this model.