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Bleomycin induced hyperpigmentation with yolk sac tumor.

Nilgun Yaris¹, Murat Cakir, Mukaddes Kalyoncu

¹Department of Pediatric Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Trabzon, Turkey.

Indian Journal of Pediatrics

|May 29, 2007

Summary

Chemotherapy can cause skin hyperpigmentation, often dismissed as cosmetic. In a child with yolk sac tumor, bleomycin-containing chemotherapy caused distinct flagellate hyperpigmentation, highlighting potential skin toxicity.

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Area of Science:

Dermatology
Oncology
Pediatrics

Background:

Chemotherapy agents, including cisplatin, etoposide, and bleomycin, are used to treat various cancers.
Cutaneous side effects of chemotherapy are common but often considered cosmetic issues.
Hyperpigmentation is a known, though typically minor, adverse reaction to certain chemotherapeutic drugs.

Observation:

A pediatric patient diagnosed with yolk sac tumor received a chemotherapy regimen.
Following the first course of treatment, the child developed localized skin hyperpigmentation.
The observed pigmentation presented as diffuse, scattered, flagellate, and linear streaking patterns.

Findings:

The specific pattern of hyperpigmentation suggests a significant cutaneous reaction.

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Bleomycin was identified as the likely causative agent due to its known association with flagellate dermatoses.

This case highlights a notable skin toxicity beyond typical cosmetic concerns.

Implications:

Clinicians should be vigilant for specific patterns of hyperpigmentation during chemotherapy.
Recognizing bleomycin-induced flagellate hyperpigmentation is crucial for patient management.
This adverse event underscores the importance of monitoring and addressing non-cosmetic side effects of chemotherapy.