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Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Bio-layer Interferometry for Measuring Kinetics of Protein-protein Interactions and Allosteric Ligand Effects
Published on: February 18, 2014
Steric hindrance effects on surface reactions: applications to BIAcore
1Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716-2553, USA. edwards@math.udel.edu
Abstract:
Because surface-volume reactions occur in many biological and industrial processes, understanding the rate of such reactions is important. The BIAcore surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor for measuring rate constants has such a geometry. Though several models of the BIAcore have been presented, few take into account that large ligand molecules can block multiple receptor sites, thus skewing the sensogram data. In this paper some general mathematical principles are stated for handling this phenomenon, and a surface-reaction model is presented explicitly. An integro-partial differential equation results, which can be simplified greatly using perturbation techniques, yielding linear and nonlinear integrodifferential equations. Explicit and asymptotic solutions are constructed for cases motivated by experimental design. The general analysis can provide insight into surface-volume reactions occurring in various contexts. In particular, the steric hindrance effect can be quantified with a single dimensionless parameter.
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