Kinematic responses to plyometric exercises conducted on compliant and noncompliant surfaces

Jumping is an important performance component of many sporting activities. A number of training modalities have been used to enhance jumping performance including plyometrics. The positive effects of plyometric training on jumping performance are a function of the stretch-shortening cycle phenomenon. However, there has been little research on the effects of the surface on jumping performance. This study examined the effects of performing 2 different plyometric exercises, depth jump (DJ) and counter movement jump (CMJ), on noncompliant (ground) and compliant (mini-trampoline) surfaces. Male participants (N = 20; age = 21.8 +/- 3.8 years; height = 184.6 +/- 7.6 cm; mass = 83.6 +/- 8.2 kg) randomly performed 10 CMJ and 10 DJ on compliant and noncompliant surfaces. Kinematic data were determined via 2-dimensional high-speed video. There were significant (p < 0.05) differences in DJ and CMJ joint and segment range of movement for ankle, knee, hip and trunk, indicating less crouch when the participants performed plyometric exercises on the compliant surface.