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Systematic Approach to Identify Novel Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Molecules from Plants' Extracts and Fractions to Prevent Dental Caries

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Chemically standardized isolates from Cedrus deodara stem wood having anticancer activity.

Shashank K Singh¹, M Shanmugavel, Himani Kampasi

¹Pharmacology Division, Regional Research Laboratory (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Jammu Tawi, India. shashankksingh@gmail.com

|May 31, 2007

Summary

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Inhibition of Cdk Activity

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The orderly progression of the cell cycle depends on the activation of Cdk protein by binding to its cyclin partner. However, the cell cycle must be restricted when undergoing abnormal changes. Most cancers correlate to the deregulated cell cycle, and since Cdks are a central component of the cell cycle, Cdk inhibitors are extensively studied to develop anticancer agents. For instance, cyclin D associates with several Cdks, such as Cdk 4/6, to form an active complex. The cyclin D-Cdk4/6 complex...

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The Cedrus deodara lignan mixture shows potent in vitro and in vivo anticancer activity against various human cancer cell lines and tumors. This natural compound effectively induces apoptosis, offering a promising natural alternative for cancer treatment.

Area of Science:

Phytochemistry
Pharmacology
Cancer Biology

Background:

Natural products, particularly lignans from medicinal plants, are increasingly investigated for their therapeutic potential.
Cedrus deodara (Deodar cedar) is a coniferous tree used in traditional medicine, with its stem wood containing various lignans.
Understanding the anticancer properties and mechanisms of action of specific plant-derived compounds is crucial for developing novel cancer therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the in vitro cytotoxicity of a CD lignan mixture from Cedrus deodara against human cancer cell lines.
To assess the in vivo anticancer activity of the CD lignan mixture using established animal tumor models.
To elucidate the mode of action of the CD lignan mixture by examining its effects on apoptosis-related markers.

Main Methods:

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Systematic Approach to Identify Novel Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Molecules from Plants' Extracts and Fractions to Prevent Dental Caries

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Published on: March 31, 2021

In vitro cytotoxicity assays were performed on various human cancer cell lines, determining IC50 values.
In vivo anticancer activity was evaluated using Ehrlich ascites carcinoma and colon carcinoma (CA-51) models in mice, assessing tumor regression.
Apoptosis induction was analyzed through annexin V binding assays, intracellular caspase activation, DNA fragmentation, and cell cycle analysis.

Main Results:

The CD lignan mixture exhibited significant dose-dependent cytotoxicity against breast, cervix, neuroblastoma, colon, liver, and prostate cancer cell lines.
In vivo studies demonstrated substantial tumor regression (53-54%) in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma and CA-51 models, comparable to 5-fluorouracil.
The mixture induced apoptosis, evidenced by increased annexin V positive cells, caspase activation, DNA fragmentation, and accumulation of sub-G1 phase cells.

Conclusions:

The CD lignan mixture possesses significant cytotoxic and in vivo anticancer potential against a broad spectrum of human cancers.
The anticancer effects are mediated through the induction of apoptosis via multiple cellular pathways.
This lignan mixture from Cedrus deodara represents a promising candidate for further development as a natural anticancer agent.