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Fixed eruption due to quinine: report of two cases
Yumi Muso1, Ozawa Kentarou, Satoshi Itami
1Department of Dermatology, Osaka University, Suita-shi, Osaka, Japan. umi-846@broad.ne.jp
The Journal of Dermatology
|May 31, 2007
Summary
Fixed eruption, a recurring skin condition, can be triggered by food additives. This study identifies quinine in tonic water as a rare cause of fixed drug eruption in two patients.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Toxicology
- Allergology
Background:
- Fixed eruption is a drug-induced skin reaction characterized by recurrent erythematous macules in the same location.
- While often caused by medications, identifying food additives as triggers can be challenging.
Observation:
- Two rare cases of fixed eruption are presented, both linked to quinine consumption from tonic water.
- Patients experienced recurrent skin lesions after consuming beverages containing tonic water.
Findings:
- Oral challenge tests with tonic water were positive in both patients.
- Patch tests with quinine sulfate also yielded positive results, confirming quinine as the causative agent.
Implications:
- Quinine in tonic water should be considered a potential trigger for fixed drug eruptions.
- This highlights the importance of detailed patient history, including dietary habits, in diagnosing fixed eruptions.
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