[Prevention and treatment of early complications in patients after reconstructive surgery of the esophagus]

The work deals with clinical appraisal of the course of the early postoperative period and the prevention and treatment of complications after reconstructive operations on the esophagus. The postoperative period was studied in 99 patients. Complications occurred in the early postoperative period in 48.5% of patients, obstructive processes in the lungs were of principal importance among them. The authors conclude that particular significance in the prevention of acute respiratory failure in patients after one-stage plasty of the esophagus should be attached to the early diagnosis of pulmonary complications, prolonged artificial lung respiration, and measures for maintaining normal passage of the respiratory tract (cleansing bronchoscopy, early activation of patients, adequate anesthesia). The main importance in reducing mortality after one-stage esophageal plasty belongs to the measures of prevention and treatment of incompetence of the sutures of the esophageal anastomosis and mediastinitis.