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Diagnosis of pediatric genitourinary embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma by urine cytology: a case report
Lyndal Anderson1, Anthony Henwood, Nicole Graf
1Department of Tissue Pathology, Westmead Hospital, Wentworthville, Australia. lyndala@icpmr.wsahs.new.gov.au
Background:
Urinary cytology is an uncommon investigative tool for pediatric tumors.
Case:
A 16-month-old infant presented for investigation ofhematuria and blood clots into diapers. Urinary cytology showed a population of small, round, blue cells with little cytoplasm and high nuclear/cytoplasmic ratios. The cells were positive for desmin and negative for cytokeratin. A cytologic diagnosis of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma was offered and subsequently confirmed by histopathology.
Conclusion:
Embryonal rhabdomyosarcomas are not uncommon in the pediatric population. Urinary cytology may be useful for rapid diagnosis and early management of such cases.
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