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Ocular manifestations in antiphospholipid syndrome
Gordana Suvajac1, Ljudmila Stojanovich, Svetislav Milenkovich
1Ophthalmology Center Dr. Suvajac, Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro. gsuvajac@Eunet.yu
Autoimmunity Reviews
|June 1, 2007
Summary
Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) involves blood clots and pregnancy loss, often presenting with eye problems. Early detection of ocular issues like retinal vein occlusion in young patients can indicate APS.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Rheumatology
- Immunology
Background:
- Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a hypercoagulable state associated with arterial/venous thromboses and fetal loss.
- Diagnosis requires antiphospholipid (aPL) antibodies, which are a diverse group of immunoglobulins.
- APS can be primary (idiopathic) or secondary to other conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the ocular and neuro-ophthalmic manifestations of Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS).
- To emphasize the significance of specific ocular findings in diagnosing APS, particularly in younger individuals.
Main Methods:
- Review of clinical characteristics and diagnostic criteria for APS.
- Analysis of reported ocular and neuro-ophthalmic symptoms in APS patients.
- Correlation of specific ocular findings with APS diagnosis and prognosis.
Main Results:
- Ocular manifestations are common in both primary and secondary APS.
- Retinal arteritis, retinal venous occlusion, ischemic optic neuropathy, and transient vision loss are key symptoms.
- Central retinal artery and vein occlusion (CRAVO) is a frequent finding in secondary APS, especially in younger patients, suggesting APS.
Conclusions:
- Ocular and neuro-ophthalmic findings are crucial indicators of Antiphospholipid Syndrome.
- The presence of CRAVO in young patients warrants strong consideration for APS.
- Bilateral ocular involvement significantly impacts patient prognosis and visual function.
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