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Pharmaceutical Equivalents01:26

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A material science perspective of pharmaceutical solids.

Yong Cui1

  • 1Small Molecule Pharmaceutical Sciences, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA. ycui@gene.com

International Journal of Pharmaceutics
|June 1, 2007
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review covers material science principles for pharmaceutical solid formulations, detailing physiochemical properties, phase behaviors, and their impact on drug development. Understanding phase transitions and energy states is key for optimizing solid dosage forms.

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Area of Science:

  • Material Science
  • Pharmaceutical Sciences
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Pharmaceutical solid formulations rely on understanding the physiochemical properties of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs).
  • The behavior of APIs in solid states significantly influences drug product performance and stability.
  • Key concepts like phase transitions and polymorphism are critical in pharmaceutical development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review fundamental material science concepts relevant to pharmaceutical solid formulations.
  • To elucidate the relationship between material properties, phase behavior, and pharmaceutical development.
  • To provide a framework for understanding API behavior in solid dosage forms.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of material science principles applied to pharmaceuticals.
  • Summary of physiochemical properties of small organic pharmaceutical materials.
  • Discussion of solid phases (crystalline, amorphous), mesophases, and phase transitions.
  • Application of energy landscape concepts to explain material behavior.

Main Results:

  • Detailed explanation of common phases, phase differences, and phase transitions in pharmaceutical materials.
  • Presentation of crystalline and amorphous solids, polymorphism, phase transition kinetics, and relaxation.
  • Introduction to mesophases like liquid crystals and condis crystals.
  • Highlighting potential energy states and energy landscapes as crucial links between material nature and pharmaceutical behavior.

Conclusions:

  • Material science principles, particularly phase behavior and energy states, are fundamental to developing robust pharmaceutical solid formulations.
  • Understanding concepts like polymorphism and phase transitions is essential for predicting and controlling API behavior.
  • The energy landscape provides a valuable tool for comprehending the physical nature of pharmaceutical materials and their impact on drug product performance.