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Multi-modal exercise programs for older adults.

Michael K Baker1, Evan Atlantis, Maria A Fiatarone Singh

  • 1The School of Exercise and Sport Science, University of Sydney, Lidcombe, Australia. michael.baker@usyd.edu.au

Age and Ageing
|June 1, 2007
PubMed
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Multi-modal exercise programs show a positive impact on preventing falls in older adults. However, evidence suggests a limited effect on overall physical function and quality of life improvements.

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Older adults benefit from multi-modal exercise including strength, cardio, flexibility, and balance training.
  • Current guidelines recommend multi-modal exercise for older adults.
  • Evidence is lacking on optimal, simultaneous prescription of exercise types, doses, and intensities for older adults.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the evidence on the feasibility and effectiveness of multi-modal exercise interventions in older adults.
  • To assess the impact of multi-modal exercise on physical function, quality of life, and fall rates.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic database search of relevant manuscripts.
  • Independent assessment of studies by two reviewers.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Extraction of physical and functional performance outcomes; calculation of relative effect sizes (ES) with 95% confidence intervals.

    • Main Results:

    • Fifteen studies (2,149 participants, aged 67-84) were included.
    • Low mean relative ES for strength; inconsistent improvements in balance.
    • Significant fall rate reduction in 5/6 studies; aerobic fitness seldom reported; limited improvements in function and quality of life.

    Conclusions:

    • Multi-modal exercise effectively prevents falls in older adults.
    • Limited data indicates a small effect on physical, functional, and quality of life outcomes.
    • Future research needs robust trials with individually prescribed multi-modal exercise intensities.