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Related Experiment Videos

Uncoating the herpes simplex virus genome.

William W Newcomb1, Frank P Booy, Jay C Brown

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Cancer Center, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.

Journal of Molecular Biology
|June 2, 2007
PubMed
Summary
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Herpes simplex virus (HSV-1) DNA injection involves capsid portal protein UL6. Purified HSV-1 capsids release DNA via heat or trypsin, revealing capsid heterogeneity in DNA delivery.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Structural Biology

Background:

  • Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection initiates with capsid docking and DNA injection into the host nucleus.
  • Following injection, viral DNA undergoes transcription and replication.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the mechanism of viral DNA injection from HSV-1 capsids.
  • To investigate the role of the portal protein UL6 in DNA ejection.

Main Methods:

  • Purified HSV-1 capsids were treated with trypsin or attached to a surface and heated.
  • Electron microscopy was used to analyze DNA ejection.
  • Correlation between UL6 cleavage and DNA release was assessed.

Main Results:

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  • DNA ejection occurred as a single double helix from the capsid portal.
  • Trypsin treatment leading to UL6 cleavage correlated with DNA release.
  • Heat-induced DNA ejection from surface-bound capsids was temperature-dependent, showing capsid heterogeneity.

    • Conclusions:

    • UL6 cleavage may be a trigger for HSV-1 DNA ejection.
    • HSV-1 capsids exhibit heterogeneity in their susceptibility to heat-induced DNA ejection.
    • This heterogeneity might reflect varying efficiencies in nuclear DNA delivery during infection.