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Related Concept Videos

Teeth01:15

Teeth

The formation of teeth, also known as odontogenesis, is a complex process that begins in utero, around the sixth week of embryonic development. There are three stages to this process: the bud stage, the cap stage, and the bell stage.
In the bud stage, the tooth germ (an aggregation of cells) starts to form in the developing jawbone. During the cap stage, the tooth germ differentiates into enamel organ, dental papilla, and dental sac, which will later develop into the tooth's enamel, dentin and...
Tooth Anatomy01:21

Tooth Anatomy

The human tooth enables us to eat a variety of foods, speak clearly, and even aid in shaping our faces. Teeth are composed of various elements that work together. Here's a detailed look at the anatomy of a human tooth.
The Crown, Neck, and Root
The visible part of the tooth is referred to as the crown. It's covered by enamel, the hardest substance in the human body. The crown is uniquely shaped for each type of tooth, allowing for different functions such as cutting, tearing, or grinding food.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Oral Health Assessment by Lay Personnel for Older Adults
08:47

Oral Health Assessment by Lay Personnel for Older Adults

Published on: February 2, 2020

Dental age in Central Poland.

Ingrid Rózyło-Kalinowska1, Emma Kiworkowa-Raczkowska, Paweł Kalinowski

  • 12nd Department of Medical Radiology, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Dudzinskiego 42, 20-815 Lublin 56, Poland. rozylo.kalinowska@am.lublin.pl

Forensic Science International
|June 2, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Demirjian's dental age standards are not accurate for children in Central Poland, showing accelerated development. New population-specific equations were developed to improve dental age estimation for this group.

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Last Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Oral Health Assessment by Lay Personnel for Older Adults
08:47

Oral Health Assessment by Lay Personnel for Older Adults

Published on: February 2, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Dentistry
  • Forensic Anthropology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Accurate assessment of child development is crucial for medical diagnosis, treatment, forensic medicine, and dentistry.
  • The Demirjian method is a widely used radiological technique for estimating dental age in children.
  • Existing Demirjian standards, developed for a French-Canadian population, may not be universally applicable.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare dental age in Mazovian (Central Polish) children with Demirjian's standards.
  • To analyze sexual dimorphism in dental age within the studied Polish population.
  • To evaluate the validity of Demirjian's standards for Polish children and develop adapted equations.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized panoramic X-rays and clinical files of 994 healthy children aged 6-16.
  • Estimated dental age using the Demirjian method based on the developmental maturity of seven left mandibular permanent teeth.
  • Compared estimated dental ages with chronological ages and analyzed gender-specific differences.

Main Results:

  • Significant acceleration of dental development was observed in the studied Polish population compared to Demirjian's standards.
  • The most pronounced acceleration occurred in 11- and 12-year-old girls and 13-year-old boys, with notable acceleration in 6-year-olds.
  • No statistically significant sexual dimorphism in dental age was found within specific age groups.

Conclusions:

  • Demirjian's original dental age standards are unsuitable for the population of Central Poland due to accelerated development.
  • Gender-specific equations were derived to adapt Demirjian's method for estimating dental age in Mazovian children.
  • New, population-specific dental development charts are necessary for accurate dental age assessment in Polish children.