Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Pigmentation01:19

Pigmentation

The color of the skin is influenced by a number of pigments, including melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin. Recall that melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes, which are found scattered throughout the stratum basale of the epidermis. The melanin is transferred to the keratinocytes via melanosomes.
Melanin occurs in two primary forms: eumelanin that provides black and brown pigment and pheomelanin that provides red color. Dark-skinned individuals produce more melanin than those with pale...
Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
Papillary Dermis01:11

Papillary Dermis

Dermis
The dermis might be considered the "core" of the integumentary system, as distinct from the epidermis and hypodermis. It contains blood and lymph vessels, nerves, and other structures, such as hair follicles and sweat glands. The dermis is made of two layers of connective tissue that comprise an interconnected mesh of elastin and collagenous fibers, produced by fibroblasts.
Papillary Layer
The papillary layer is made of loose, areolar connective tissue, which means the collagen and...
Reticular Dermis01:15

Reticular Dermis

The papillary and reticular dermis are the two layers of the dermis. They are made of connective tissue with fibers of collagen extending from one to the other, making the border between the two somewhat indistinct. The dermal papillae extending into the epidermis belong to the papillary layer, whereas the dense collagen fiber bundles below belong to the reticular layer.
Reticular Layer
Underlying the papillary layer is the much thicker reticular layer, composed of dense, irregular connective...
Epistasis01:39

Epistasis

In addition to multiple alleles at the same locus influencing traits, numerous genes or alleles at different locations may interact and influence phenotypes in a phenomenon called epistasis. For example, rabbit fur can be black or brown depending on whether the animal is homozygous dominant or heterozygous at a TYRP1 locus. However, if the rabbit is also homozygous recessive at a locus on the tyrosinase gene (TYR), it will have an unshaded coat that appears white, regardless of its TYRP1...
Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives01:14

Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives

The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
Albinism
Albinism is a genetic disorder that affects (completely or partially) the coloring of skin, hair, and eyes. The defect is primarily...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Can Systemic Treatment for Childhood Psoriasis Be Stopped in Cases of Remission? Data From the ACMe Cohort.

Pediatric dermatology·2026
Same author

Efficacy of Bimekizumab on Palmoplantar Psoriasis: A 16-Week Multicenter Retrospective Study-IL PSO (Italian Landscape PSOriasis).

Journal of clinical medicine·2026
Same author

Real-Life Effectiveness, Safety, and Growth Outcomes of Dupilumab in Children Aged 6 Months to 5 Years With Moderate-to-Severe Atopic Dermatitis: A Multicenter Retrospective Study from an Italian NPP Program.

Dermatitis : contact, atopic, occupational, drug·2026
Same author

Bowel-Associated Dermatosis-Arthritis Syndrome (BADAS).

Dermatology practical & conceptual·2026
Same author

PDE4 inhibition in pediatric psoriasis: analysis of the SPROUT study on apremilast.

Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy·2026
Same author

Psychological Well-Being of Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Plaque Psoriasis Treated with Tildrakizumab: 28-Week Interim Results from a Multicenter Observational Study in Italy Using the DASS-21 Questionnaire, the BLUE Study.

Dermatology and therapy·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Spatial and Temporal Control of Murine Melanoma Initiation from Mutant Melanocyte Stem Cells
06:09

Spatial and Temporal Control of Murine Melanoma Initiation from Mutant Melanocyte Stem Cells

Published on: June 7, 2019

Linear and whorled hypermelanosis.

Vito Di Lernia1

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia, Italy. vito.dilernia@asmn.re.it

Pediatric Dermatology
|June 5, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Linear and whorled nevoid hypermelanosis (LWNH) is a rare birthmark characterized by hyperpigmentation along Blaschko lines. This study suggests LWNH and hypomelanosis of Ito are linked genetic mosaicism disorders.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Genetics
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Linear and whorled nevoid hypermelanosis (LWNH) presents as a sporadic pigmentary anomaly in newborns.
  • It is characterized by hyperpigmentation following Blaschko lines, with histological findings of epidermal melanosis.
  • Chromosomal mosaicism is an underlying factor in some cases, and progressive cribriform and zosteriform hyperpigmentation is considered a localized variant.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate 16 children with segmental, linear, or swirled hyperpigmentation along Blaschko lines.
  • To analyze associated abnormalities and long-term outcomes in patients diagnosed with LWNH and its variants.
  • To discuss the nosological relationship between LWNH and hypomelanosis of Ito.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 16 pediatric patients over 10 years.

More Related Videos

Roller Microneedle Combined with Tranexamic Acid Solution in Treating Melasma
04:12

Roller Microneedle Combined with Tranexamic Acid Solution in Treating Melasma

Published on: January 19, 2024

Laser Microdissection-Based Protocol for the LC-MS/MS Analysis of the Proteomic Profile of Neuromelanin Granules
07:35

Laser Microdissection-Based Protocol for the LC-MS/MS Analysis of the Proteomic Profile of Neuromelanin Granules

Published on: December 16, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Spatial and Temporal Control of Murine Melanoma Initiation from Mutant Melanocyte Stem Cells
06:09

Spatial and Temporal Control of Murine Melanoma Initiation from Mutant Melanocyte Stem Cells

Published on: June 7, 2019

Roller Microneedle Combined with Tranexamic Acid Solution in Treating Melasma
04:12

Roller Microneedle Combined with Tranexamic Acid Solution in Treating Melasma

Published on: January 19, 2024

Laser Microdissection-Based Protocol for the LC-MS/MS Analysis of the Proteomic Profile of Neuromelanin Granules
07:35

Laser Microdissection-Based Protocol for the LC-MS/MS Analysis of the Proteomic Profile of Neuromelanin Granules

Published on: December 16, 2021

  • Clinical evaluation of hyperpigmentation patterns along Blaschko lines.
  • Review of patient history, associated abnormalities, and long-term follow-up data.

    • Main Results:

    • One of six patients with diffuse LWNH-type hyperpigmentation had associated abnormalities.
    • None of the 10 children with the unilateral form (progressive cribriform and zosteriform hyperpigmentation-type) showed associated abnormalities.
    • Long-term follow-up revealed no further abnormalities in any of the studied patients.

    Conclusions:

    • LWNH and hypomelanosis of Ito are likely not distinct entities but rather represent a spectrum of genetic mosaicism disorders.
    • These pigmentary disorders may vary based on the genetic makeup of cell lines and melanosome content.
    • Further research into genetic mosaicism is warranted for understanding these conditions.