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[Hepatitis B infection and primary glomerulonephritis in children]
Insights
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is prevalent in children with renal diseases, particularly glomerulonephritis. HBV infection negatively impacts treatment outcomes and disease prognosis in pediatric kidney conditions.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Nephrology
- Hepatology
- Immunology
Context:
- Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a global health concern.
- Renal pathologies in children can be associated with various systemic infections.
- The impact of HBV on pediatric renal disease requires further elucidation.
Purpose:
- To investigate the prevalence of HBV infection in children with renal pathology.
- To analyze the clinical characteristics and immunological profiles of HBV-infected children with glomerulonephritis and pyelonephritis.
- To assess the influence of HBV infection on the prognosis and treatment response of pediatric renal diseases.
Summary:
- A study of 165 children with renal pathology revealed HBV infection in 69.7% of those with glomerulonephritis and 30.8% with pyelonephritis.
- HBV infection, indicated by HBs-antigen carriage and persistent hepatitis, was associated with a prognostically unfavorable mixed form of glomerulonephritis in children under 7.
- HBV-infected patients showed reduced remission rates with immunosuppressive therapy, decreased serum IgG, lower T lymphocyte counts, a reduced helper/suppressor ratio, and increased lymphocytes expressing IL-2 receptors.
Impact:
- Highlights the significant role of HBV infection in pediatric renal diseases.
- Suggests that HBV screening may be crucial for children presenting with kidney conditions.
- Informs clinical management strategies and prognostic assessments for pediatric glomerulonephritis and pyelonephritis in the context of HBV infection.
Abstract:
Out of 165 children presenting with renal pathology, HBV-infection was detected by RIA in 69.7% of children suffering from glomerulonephritis and in 30.8% of children with pyelonephritis. The infection manifested by the carriage of HBs-antigen and persistent hepatitis. Unlike the control group (without HBv-infection), in patients with HBv-infection, glomerulonephritis was characterized by the development of a prognostically unfavourable mixed form there of in children under 7 years, by rare cases of the onset of a complete remission consequent to immunosuppressive therapy, a decline of the level of serum IgG and the T lymphocyte count, a reduction of the helper/suppressor ratio to 1.21 at the expense of a decrease of the number of helpers, and a higher amount of lymphocytes expressing receptors to IL-2.