Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 14, 2026
07:12
Chronic Post-Ischemia Pain Model for Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Type-I in Rats
Published on: January 21, 2020
[Continuous peripheral regional analgesia in children]
1Département d'anesthésie et de réanimation pédiatrique, CHU de La Timone Enfants, Marseille cedex 05, France. frederic.lacroix@ap-hm.fr <frederic.lacroix@ap-hm.fr>
Annales Francaises D'Anesthesie Et De Reanimation
|June 5, 2007
Summary
Continuous peripheral nerve blocks (CPNB) offer significant anesthetic and analgesic benefits for children. Ropivacaine and levobupivacaine are recommended local anesthetics for CPNB in pediatric patients, used at low concentrations.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Anesthesiology
- Pain Management
- Regional Anesthesia
Background:
- Continuous peripheral nerve blocks (CPNB) are integral to pediatric anesthesia and analgesia.
- Indications for CPNB require a careful balance of benefits and risks.
- Potential risks include masking compartment syndrome.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the indications and anesthetic choices for CPNB in children.
- To highlight the importance of risk-benefit analysis in pediatric CPNB.
- To identify optimal local anesthetics for pediatric CPNB.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on CPNB in pediatric patients.
- Analysis of indications, including post-surgical pain, physical therapy, and complex regional pain syndrome.
- Evaluation of anesthetic agents and safety considerations.
Main Results:
- CPNB are indicated for intense postoperative pain, painful physical therapy, and CRPS.
- CPNB require sedation or general anesthesia and specialized equipment to minimize nerve injury.
- Ropivacaine and potentially levobupivacaine are suitable for pediatric CPNB at low concentrations and flow rates.
Conclusions:
- CPNB are valuable tools in pediatric pain management when risks are carefully considered.
- Appropriate patient selection and technique are crucial for safe and effective CPNB in children.
- Ropivacaine and levobupivacaine represent optimal choices for pediatric CPNB, emphasizing low concentration and flow rates.
Related Concept Videos
01:29Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia
Epidural anesthetics are administered in the fat-filled epidural space, the outermost part of the spinal canal. This technique is commonly employed for pain management and anesthesia during lower abdomen and pelvis surgeries or labor and delivery.
Since epidural anesthetics can be infused through an epidural catheter, all types of drugs, including short-acting ones, can be administered. Chloroprocaine and lidocaine are examples of short and long-duration anesthetics, respectively. Bupivacaine...
Since epidural anesthetics can be infused through an epidural catheter, all types of drugs, including short-acting ones, can be administered. Chloroprocaine and lidocaine are examples of short and long-duration anesthetics, respectively. Bupivacaine...
01:16Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia
Intravenous regional anesthesia or the Bier block technique is used to anesthetize a specific limb or extremity. It uses exsanguinated or blood-drained vessels to transport local anesthetics or LAs to the peripheral nerve trunks. Lidocaine without vasoconstrictors like epinephrine is most commonly used for this technique. Other drugs used are prilocaine, ropivacaine, and chloroprocaine. Bupivacaine is not recommended for this technique due to its high cardiac toxicity.
One of the advantages of...
One of the advantages of...
01:25Analgesia and Pain Management
Pain is critical to various clinical pathologies, provoking an urgent need for effective management. Pain, whether acute or chronic, is a complex neurochemical process. Its alleviation depends on the type, with nonopioid analgesics effective for mild to moderate pain, such as musculoskeletal or inflammatory pain, while neuropathic pain responds best to anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, or serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. For severe acute or chronic pain, opioids may be...
01:11Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia
Spinal anesthetics are given during lower abdomen and limb surgeries to block sensory and motor neurons. They are administered in the mid to low lumbar regions, primarily acting on the cauda equina's nerve roots. The blockade level depends on the local anesthetic (LA) concentration. Usually, low LA concentrations are sufficient to block sensory fibers, while only high LA concentrations block motor fibers. Other factors like injection volume and speed, the patient's posture, and the drug...
01:24Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview
Intravenous anesthetics are drugs administered parenterally to induce anesthesia or sedation. Propofol is a widely used agent formulated as a 1% emulsion in soybean oil, glycerol, and egg phosphatide. It induces rapid anesthesia primarily due to its rapid distribution from the bloodstream to target tissues and is metabolized in the liver. However, it can cause significant pain on injection and hypertriglyceridemia. Fospropofol, a water-based prodrug of propofol, lacks these adverse effects.
01:27Parentral Nutrition: Centeral and Peripheral Parental Nutrition
Parenteral Nutrition (PN) delivers essential nutrients directly into the bloodstream, bypassing the digestive system. It is commonly used for individuals with severe digestive disorders or conditions that prevent normal nutrient absorption.
PN can be administered through two primary routes:
1. Central Parenteral Nutrition (CPN):
CPN involves delivering a high concentration of nutrients through a large vein. This is typically achieved using a Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter (PICC) or,...
PN can be administered through two primary routes:
1. Central Parenteral Nutrition (CPN):
CPN involves delivering a high concentration of nutrients through a large vein. This is typically achieved using a Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter (PICC) or,...