Mini-screw implants (temporary anchorage devices): orthodontic and pre-prosthetic applications

Mini-screw implants, often referred to as temporary anchorage devices (TADs), have become an accepted component of orthodontic treatment. The comparatively simple technique for the placement of these mini-screws is described with emphasis on the importance of correct site selection as well as an understanding of the possible complications that may arise. The application and description of appliances incorporating mini-screws are described with the aid of typodont models and clinical examples. While the technique is of primary relevance to orthodontists, the use of mini-screws as an aid for pre-prosthodontic tooth movement is also of relevance to prosthodontists. From the examples described in this paper, extrapolations can be made by individual clinicians to situations relevant to their particular treatment plans. Examples of appliances used in conjunction with mini-screws are described; however, depending on the requirements of individual malocclusions, these designs may be modified.