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Updated: Jul 14, 2026
An In Vivo Estrogen Deficiency Mouse Model for Screening Exogenous Estrogen Treatments of Cardiovascular Dysfunction After Menopause
Published on: August 13, 2019
[Effectiveness of nasal vs oral estrogens in the climacteric syndrome]
Gabriela Liliana Romano Lagunas1, Juan Miranda Murillo, Alfonso A Vázquez López
1Hospital Regional General Ignacio Zaragoza, ISSSTE, México, DF. galirolaa@hotmail.com
Background:
Hormone replacement therapy reestablishes the diminished hormonal level and reduces mild, moderate and severe effects of climacteric. Its treatment includes estrogens, progestagens and a mixture of both.
Objective:
To evaluate the efficacy of intranasal and oral estrogens in the climacteric syndrome.
Material And Methods:
60 patients were evaluated with climacteric syndrome; 30 received intranasal estrogens (group A) and 30 received oral estrogens (group B). Age range, 34-64 years. The symptoms were classified as vasomotor, collagen related symptoms and tropic changes. The patients were evaluated four times a week, and the symptoms were measured as mild, moderate and severe according with the Guía de evaluación de riesgo en la paciente climatérica.
Results:
Group A (intranasal estrogens) showed faster clinical response in the first two weeks (63%), compared with group B (30%). No side effects were found in both groups.
Conclusions:
Climacteric syndrome can be treated better and faster with intranasal estrogens than with oral estrogens, and without side effects.
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