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Published on: March 14, 2017

Risk factors for red cell transfusion in adults undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery: a systematic review

N Shehata1, G Naglie, A A Alghamdi

  • 1Division of Haematology, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. shehatan@smh.toronto.on.ca

Vox Sanguinis
|June 6, 2007
PubMed

Insights

Older age, female sex, low hemoglobin, and urgent surgery increase red blood cell transfusion risk in coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) patients. Identifying these factors aids blood conservation and banking.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Surgery
  • Transfusion Medicine
  • Anesthesiology

Background:

  • Red blood cell transfusion during coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery impacts blood banking and conservation strategies.
  • Identifying high-risk patients is crucial for optimizing resource allocation and patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify clinical factors predicting increased red blood cell transfusion rates in adult patients undergoing CABG surgery.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic review of MEDLINE and HealthSTAR databases (1966-2005) was performed.
  • Searched for studies combining "coronary artery bypass graft" (or "CABG") with "transfusion" or "blood transfusion".

Main Results:

  • Twenty-one studies met inclusion criteria, with transfusion rates varying from 7% to 97%.
  • Factors associated with increased transfusion included older age, female sex, low hemoglobin/hematocrit, renal insufficiency, and urgent/emergent surgery.
  • Urgency of surgery was the strongest predictor (4x-8x increase in transfusion rates).

Conclusions:

  • Patient age, female sex, lower preoperative hemoglobin, and surgery urgency are linked to higher transfusion rates in CABG.
  • Risk factor identification enables targeted blood conservation, improved blood utilization efficiency, and informed patient counseling.
Abstract

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