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Related Concept Videos

Glucose Transporters01:27

Glucose Transporters

Glucose transporters facilitate the transport of glucose across the cell membrane. In addition to glucose, some glucose transporters can also aid the movement of other hexoses such as fructose, mannose, and galactose.
Facilitated diffusion-glucose transporters (GLUTs) are encoded by the solute-linked carrier (SLC) family 2, subfamily A gene family, or SLC2A. The 14 GLUT protein members are distributed into three classes:
Proteoglycans01:05

Proteoglycans

Glycans, a class of complex heterogeneous molecules, can be covalently attached to proteins to form glycosylated proteins that regulate various physiological and pathological processes. Glycosylated proteins or glycoproteins comprise N-linked and O-linked oligosaccharides. O-glycosylation is the most common type of protein glycosylation. Here, glycans attach to the oxygen atom of the hydroxyl groups of Serine or Threonine residues. O-linked glycosylation occurs later in protein processing,...
Renal Corpuscle01:20

Renal Corpuscle

The glomerulus and Bowman's capsule are two essential components of the nephron, which is the functional unit of the kidney. These microscopic structures play a critical role in the process of blood filtration to produce urine.
Glomerulus: Structure and Function
The glomerulus is a tiny, intricate network of capillaries located at the beginning of the nephron. It's enveloped by the Bowman's capsule and receives its blood supply from an afferent arteriole, which divides into numerous capillaries...
Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Measurement of Glomerular Filtration Rate01:25

Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Measurement of Glomerular Filtration Rate

The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a critical indicator of kidney health, reflecting how well the kidneys filter blood. Changes in GFR can signal potential kidney impairment, necessitating accurate measurement methods to monitor kidney function effectively.Various molecules can serve as markers for GFR measurement, with the ideal marker meeting several specific criteria. It must freely filter at the glomerulus, avoid reabsorption or secretion by the renal tubules, remain unmetabolized, not...
Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction01:24

Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction

Nephrotic Syndrome is a chronic kidney disorder defined by clinical findings such as severe proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema. These symptoms result from damage to the glomeruli, the kidney’s filtering units, increasing their permeability to proteins.Definition and Meaning:Proteinuria, defined as the loss of more than 3.5 grams of protein per day in adults, is a crucial feature of nephrotic syndrome. This condition is often accompanied by edema, the accumulation of fluid...
Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management01:26

Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management

IntroductionNephrotic syndrome is a kidney disorder marked by excessive protein loss in the urine, leading to various systemic complications. This condition often results from damage to the glomeruli—the kidney's filtering units—causing proteinuria, low blood protein levels, and fluid retention. Understanding the assessment, diagnosis, and management of nephrotic syndrome is essential for effective treatment and prevention of further kidney damage.AssessmentPatient History: Document any history...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Metabolic Glycoengineering of Sialic Acid Using N-acyl-modified Mannosamines
12:06

Metabolic Glycoengineering of Sialic Acid Using N-acyl-modified Mannosamines

Published on: November 25, 2017

Sizing up sialic acid in glomerular disease.

Susan E Quaggin1

  • 1The Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. quaggin@mshri.on.ca

The Journal of Clinical Investigation
|June 6, 2007
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A genetic defect in sialic acid biosynthesis causes a new glomerular disease. Supplementing with a sialic acid precursor reversed kidney damage in mice, suggesting a potential therapy for human kidney diseases.

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Highly Sensitive Measurement of Glomerular Permeability in Mice with Fluorescein Isothiocyanate-polysucrose 70
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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Genetics
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Sialic acids are crucial components of cell surface glycans, involved in various biological processes.
  • Genetic defects in sialic acid biosynthesis can lead to severe developmental abnormalities.

Discussion:

  • This study identifies the first genetic cause of glomerular disease linked to sialic acid biosynthesis defects.
  • Mice with Gne/Mnk gene mutations exhibit severe kidney pathology, including hematuria, proteinuria, and glomerular structural damage, leading to perinatal lethality.

Key Insights:

  • Mutations in the Gne/Mnk gene impair sialic acid production, causing a novel form of inherited glomerular disease.
  • Dietary supplementation with N-acetylmannosamine, a sialic acid precursor, effectively reversed the observed kidney lesions in affected mice.

Outlook:

  • This research opens avenues for exploring therapeutic strategies targeting sialic acid metabolism in glomerular diseases.
  • The findings suggest that modulating sialic acid levels could be a potential treatment for human kidney disorders.