Energy dissipation of materials at high pressure and high temperature

Li Li1, Donald J Weidner

  • 1Mineral Physics Institute, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794-2100, USA. lilli@ic.synysb.edu

Related Concept Videos

Work and Heat01:30

Work and Heat

Work and heat are fundamental concepts in thermodynamics, denoting the transfer of energy. Work is the energy transferred due to the movement of an object under force, represented as the dot product of the force and displacement vectors. An example can be seen in a gas confined by a frictionless piston. The gas performs work on its surroundings when the piston moves outward, reducing the system's energy.This infinitesimal amount of work (dw) performed by the system against a constant external...
Enthalpy02:59

Enthalpy

Chemists ordinarily use a property known as enthalpy (H) to describe the thermodynamics of chemical and physical processes. Enthalpy is defined as the sum of a system’s internal energy (E) and the mathematical product of its pressure (P) and volume (V):
Calculation of First Law Quantities I01:25

Calculation of First Law Quantities I

Thermodynamic systems undergoing phase transitions or temperature changes experience energy transfer in the form of heat (q) and work (w). For a reversible phase change at constant temperature (T) and pressure (p), the process involves no chemical reaction but results in energy exchange between distinct phases.The heat transferred during this process corresponds to the latent heat of transition, which is the amount of heat energy absorbed or released by a substance when it changes from one...
Quantifying Work02:30

Quantifying Work

As a system undergoes a change, its internal energy can change, and energy can be transferred from the system to the surroundings, or from the surroundings to the system.
The Carnot Cycle01:30

The Carnot Cycle

Converting work to heat is an irreversible process, and the purpose of a heat engine is to reverse the effect partially. Heat engines aim to increase the efficiency of the reversal, that is, maximize the work retrieved from heat. If the efficiency of a heat engine were 100%, it would imply reversing the process completely without introducing any other effect. Thus, it would violate the second law of thermodynamics.
What could be the theoretical limit to the efficiency of a heat engine? The...
Phase Changes01:19

Phase Changes

Phase transitions play an important theoretical and practical role in the study of heat flow. In melting or fusion, a solid turns into a liquid; the opposite process is freezing. In evaporation, a liquid turns into a gas; the opposite process is condensation.
A substance melts or freezes at a temperature called its melting point and boils or condenses at its boiling point. These temperatures depend on pressure. High pressure favors the denser form of the substance, so typically, high pressure...